महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-8, verse-15

पतितः शोच्यते राजन्निर्धनश्चापि शोच्यते ।
विशेषं नाधिगच्छामि पतितस्याधनस्य च ॥१५॥

15. patitaḥ śocyate rājannirdhanaścāpi śocyate ,
viśeṣaṁ nādhigacchāmi patitasyādhanasya ca.

15. patitaḥ śocyate rājan nirdhanaḥ ca api śocyate
| viśeṣam na adhigacchāmi patitasya adhanasya ca

15. rājan,
patitaḥ śocyate,
ca nirdhanaḥ api śocyate.
(aham) patitasya ca adhanasya viśeṣam na adhigacchāmi.

15. O king, a fallen person is pitied, and a poor person is also pitied. I perceive no difference between a fallen person and a poor person.

Words meanings summery:

• पतितः (patitaḥ) - a person who has fallen from status or moral standing (fallen, degraded, outcast, dropped)

• शोच्यते (śocyate) - is pitied, is lamented, is grieved for

• राजन् (rājan) - O king!

• निर्धनः (nirdhanaḥ) - poor, destitute; a poor person

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• शोच्यते (śocyate) - is pitied, is lamented, is grieved for

• विशेषम् (viśeṣam) - difference, distinction, particularity

• न (na) - not, no

• अधिगच्छामि (adhigacchāmi) - I perceive, I find, I attain, I understand

• पतितस्य (patitasya) - of a fallen person, of one who has fallen

• अधनस्य (adhanasya) - of one without wealth, of a poor person

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

पतितः (patitaḥ) - a person who has fallen from status or moral standing (fallen, degraded, outcast, dropped)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, degraded, outcast, dropped, happened

Past Passive Participle

From root pat (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Used as a noun meaning 'a fallen person'.

शोच्यते (śocyate) - is pitied, is lamented, is grieved for

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of śuc

Root: śuc (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O king!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

निर्धनः (nirdhanaḥ) - poor, destitute; a poor person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirdhana

nirdhana - poor, destitute, without wealth

Bahuvrīhi compound: nis (without) + dhana (wealth).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+dhana)

• nis – out, forth, without, negation
  indeclinable
• dhana – wealth, riches, property, money
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dhā

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

शोच्यते (śocyate) - is pitied, is lamented, is grieved for

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of śuc

Root: śuc (class 1)

विशेषम् (viśeṣam) - difference, distinction, particularity

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viśeṣa

viśeṣa - difference, distinction, peculiar mark, specific quality

From root śiṣ (to distinguish) with prefix vi.

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अधिगच्छामि (adhigacchāmi) - I perceive, I find, I attain, I understand

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of adhigam

root gam with prefixes adhi

Prefix: adhi

Root: gam (class 1)

पतितस्य (patitasya) - of a fallen person, of one who has fallen

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, degraded, outcast, dropped

Past Passive Participle

From root pat (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

अधनस्य (adhanasya) - of one without wealth, of a poor person

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of adhana

adhana - poor, without wealth, destitute

Tatpuruṣa or Bahuvrīhi compound: a (not) + dhana (wealth). Literally 'not having wealth'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+dhana)

• a – not, un-, negation
  indeclinable
• dhana – wealth, riches, property, money
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dhā

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)