महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-8, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
अथार्जुन उवाचेदमधिक्षिप्त इवाक्षमी ।
अभिनीततरं वाक्यं दृढवादपराक्रमः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
athārjuna uvācedamadhikṣipta ivākṣamī ,
abhinītataraṁ vākyaṁ dṛḍhavādaparākramaḥ.

1. vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca atha arjunaḥ uvāca idam adhikṣiptaḥ
iva akṣamī abhinītataraṃ vākyaṃ dṛḍhavādaparākramaḥ

1. vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca atha adhikṣiptaḥ iva akṣamī
dṛḍhavādaparākramaḥ arjunaḥ idam abhinītataraṃ vākyaṃ uvāca

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Then Arjuna, as if reproached and unable to tolerate it, his valor manifest in his resolute speech, spoke these exceedingly firm words.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• इदम् (idam) - this

• अधिक्षिप्तः (adhikṣiptaḥ) - reproached, insulted, criticized

• इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

• अक्षमी (akṣamī) - impatient, unable to tolerate/bear, non-forgiving

• अभिनीततरं (abhinītataraṁ) - exceedingly firm/resolute, very well-expressed

• वाक्यं (vākyaṁ) - word, speech, statement

• दृढवादपराक्रमः (dṛḍhavādaparākramaḥ) - one whose valor is manifest in his resolute speech, strong in speech and might

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśampāyana

vaiśampāyana - Vaiśampāyana (a celebrated sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (one of the Pāṇḍavas); white, bright

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this (proximal demonstrative pronoun)

अधिक्षिप्तः (adhikṣiptaḥ) - reproached, insulted, criticized

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhikṣipta

adhikṣipta - reproached, insulted, criticized, thrown upon

Past Passive Participle

from root kṣip with prefix adhi

Prefix: adhi

Root: kṣip (class 6)

इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

(indeclinable)

अक्षमी (akṣamī) - impatient, unable to tolerate/bear, non-forgiving

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akṣamin

akṣamin - impatient, intolerant, unable to bear, non-forgiving

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṣamin)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• kṣamin – patient, enduring, forgiving
  adjective (masculine)

अभिनीततरं (abhinītataraṁ) - exceedingly firm/resolute, very well-expressed

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of abhinītatara

abhinītatara - more or exceedingly firm/resolute/well-expressed (comparative of abhinīta)

Comparative degree (suffix -tara) of Past Passive Participle

abhinīta (P.P.P. of root nī with abhi) + tara

Prefix: abhi

Root: nī (class 1)

वाक्यं (vākyaṁ) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, statement, sentence, assertion

Root: vac (class 2)

दृढवादपराक्रमः (dṛḍhavādaparākramaḥ) - one whose valor is manifest in his resolute speech, strong in speech and might

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛḍhavādaparākrama

dṛḍhavādaparākrama - one whose valor (parākrama) is [characterized by] firm speech (dṛḍhavāda)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dṛḍhavāda+parākrama)

• dṛḍhavāda – firm speech, resolute pronouncement
  noun (masculine)
• parākrama – valor, might, prowess, courage, strength
  noun (masculine)
  from root kram with prefix parā
  Prefix: parā
  Root: kram (class 1)