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12,8

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-8, verse-3

अहो दुःखमहो कृच्छ्रमहो वैक्लव्यमुत्तमम् ।
यत्कृत्वामानुषं कर्म त्यजेथाः श्रियमुत्तमाम् ॥३॥
3. aho duḥkhamaho kṛcchramaho vaiklavyamuttamam ,
yatkṛtvāmānuṣaṁ karma tyajethāḥ śriyamuttamām.
3. aho duḥkham aho kṛcchram aho vaiklavyam uttamam
yat kṛtvā amānuṣam karma tyajethāḥ śriyam uttamām
3. aho duḥkham aho kṛcchram aho uttamam vaiklavyam
yat amānuṣam karma kṛtvā uttamām śriyam tyajethāḥ
3. Oh, what sorrow! Oh, what hardship! Oh, what utter bewilderment! That, after performing superhuman deeds, you would abandon supreme prosperity.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • अहो (aho) - Oh! Ah! Alas!
  • दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, misery, pain
  • अहो (aho) - Oh! Ah! Alas!
  • कृच्छ्रम् (kṛcchram) - hardship, difficulty, distress
  • अहो (aho) - Oh! Ah! Alas!
  • वैक्लव्यम् (vaiklavyam) - bewilderment, perplexity, distress, agitation
  • उत्तमम् (uttamam) - supreme, excellent, highest, best
  • यत् (yat) - that (introducing a clause), which, what
  • कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done/made, after doing/making
  • अमानुषम् (amānuṣam) - superhuman, not human, divine
  • कर्म (karma) - deed, action, work
  • त्यजेथाः (tyajethāḥ) - you would abandon/give up
  • श्रियम् (śriyam) - prosperity, fortune, glory, wealth
  • उत्तमाम् (uttamām) - supreme, excellent, highest, best

Words meanings and morphology

अहो (aho) - Oh! Ah! Alas!
(indeclinable)
दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, misery, pain
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha
duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, misery, pain, unhappiness
Note: Used in an exclamatory sense.
अहो (aho) - Oh! Ah! Alas!
(indeclinable)
कृच्छ्रम् (kṛcchram) - hardship, difficulty, distress
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛcchra
kṛcchra - hardship, difficulty, distress, pain, suffering
Note: Used in an exclamatory sense.
अहो (aho) - Oh! Ah! Alas!
(indeclinable)
वैक्लव्यम् (vaiklavyam) - bewilderment, perplexity, distress, agitation
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of vaiklavya
vaiklavya - bewilderment, perplexity, agitation, distress, unsteadiness, helplessness
abstract noun from viklava
Note: Used in an exclamatory sense.
उत्तमम् (uttamam) - supreme, excellent, highest, best
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of uttama
uttama - supreme, excellent, highest, best, utmost
Note: Modifies vaiklavyam
यत् (yat) - that (introducing a clause), which, what
(indeclinable)
Note: Functions as a conjunction 'that' here.
कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done/made, after doing/making
(indeclinable)
Absolutive / Gerund
Absolutive form of root kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
अमानुषम् (amānuṣam) - superhuman, not human, divine
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of amānuṣa
amānuṣa - superhuman, not human, divine, cruel, unmanly
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+mānuṣa)
  • a – not, non-, un-
    indeclinable
  • mānuṣa – human, pertaining to humans, man-like
    adjective (neuter)
Note: Modifies karma
कर्म (karma) - deed, action, work
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of karman
karman - deed, action, work, ritual action, fate (karma)
from root kṛ (to do)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
त्यजेथाः (tyajethāḥ) - you would abandon/give up
(verb)
2nd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of tyaj
Root: tyaj (class 1)
Note: Ātmanepada form of optative mood.
श्रियम् (śriyam) - prosperity, fortune, glory, wealth
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of śrī
śrī - prosperity, fortune, glory, wealth, beauty, excellence
उत्तमाम् (uttamām) - supreme, excellent, highest, best
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of uttamā
uttama - supreme, excellent, highest, best, utmost
Note: Modifies śriyam