महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-65, verse-4

बहुश्रुत्या गुरुशुश्रूषया वा परस्य वा संहननाद्वदन्ति ।
नित्यं धर्मं क्षत्रियो ब्रह्मचारी चरेदेको ह्याश्रमं धर्मकामः ॥४॥

4. bahuśrutyā guruśuśrūṣayā vā; parasya vā saṁhananādvadanti ,
nityaṁ dharmaṁ kṣatriyo brahmacārī; caredeko hyāśramaṁ dharmakāmaḥ.

4. bahuśrutyā guruśuśrūṣayā vā
parasya vā saṃhananāt vadanti nityam
dharmam kṣatriyaḥ brahmacārī
caret ekaḥ hi āśramam dharmakāmaḥ

4. Te bahuśrutyā vā guruśuśrūṣayā vā parasya saṃhananāt nityam dharmam vadanti.
Kṣatriyaḥ (dharmam) caret.
Hi,
dharmakāmaḥ brahmacārī ekaḥ āśramam caret.

4. They declare the constant natural law (dharma) is understood through extensive learning, through service to one's teacher (guru), or through diligently combining insights from others. A kṣatriya should constantly practice (dharma); indeed, a celibate student (brahmacārī) who desires natural law (dharma) should pursue his stage of life (āśrama) alone.

Words meanings summery:

• बहुश्रुत्या (bahuśrutyā) - by extensive learning, by much hearing of scriptures

• गुरुशुश्रूषया (guruśuśrūṣayā) - by service to a teacher/guru

• वा (vā) - or, either

• परस्य (parasya) - from others (of another, of the other, of the supreme)

• वा (vā) - or, either

• संहननात् (saṁhananāt) - by diligently combining insights/gathering knowledge (from combination, from union, from diligent association, from collection)

• वदन्ति (vadanti) - they say, they speak

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, perpetually, always, eternal

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - duty, natural law, constitution, righteousness

• क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a kṣatriya, member of the warrior/ruling class

• ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - a celibate student, one observing brahmacarya

• चरेत् (caret) - should practice, should follow, should observe

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone, solitary

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because (emphatic/causal particle)

• आश्रमम् (āśramam) - stage of life, hermitage, abode

• धर्मकामः (dharmakāmaḥ) - desirous of dharma, wishing for righteousness

Words meanings and morphology

बहुश्रुत्या (bahuśrutyā) - by extensive learning, by much hearing of scriptures

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of bahuśruti

bahuśruti - extensive learning, much hearing of scriptures

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bahu+śruti)

• bahu – much, many
  adjective (neuter)
• śruti – hearing, Vedic revelation, knowledge
  noun (feminine)
  Root: śru (class 5)

गुरुशुश्रूषया (guruśuśrūṣayā) - by service to a teacher/guru

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of guruśuśrūṣā

guruśuśrūṣā - service to a teacher, attendance on a guru

Compound type : tatpurusha (guru+śuśrūṣā)

• guru – teacher, preceptor, heavy, venerable
  noun (masculine)
• śuśrūṣā – desire to hear, obedience, service
  noun (feminine)
  Desiderative noun
  From desiderative stem of śru (to hear)
  Root: śru (class 5)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

परस्य (parasya) - from others (of another, of the other, of the supreme)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of para

para - other, another, supreme, highest

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

संहननात् (saṁhananāt) - by diligently combining insights/gathering knowledge (from combination, from union, from diligent association, from collection)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of saṃhanana

saṁhanana - combination, union, collection, compressing, striking together

Prefix: sam

Root: han (class 2)

वदन्ति (vadanti) - they say, they speak

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vad

Present Tense, Active Voice

Third Person Plural, Present Tense, Active Voice

Root: vad (class 1)

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, perpetually, always, eternal

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nitya

nitya - constant, perpetual, eternal, always (as an adverb)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - duty, natural law, constitution, righteousness

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - duty, natural law, righteousness, virtue, constitution, intrinsic nature

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a kṣatriya, member of the warrior/ruling class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - member of the warrior or ruling class

ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - a celibate student, one observing brahmacarya

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmacārin

brahmacārin - celibate student, one observing brahmacarya (stage of life)

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+cārin)

• brahman – the ultimate reality, sacred word, Veda
  noun (neuter)
• cārin – practicing, observing, going
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/Adjective
  Derived from root car with -in suffix.
  Root: car (class 1)

चरेत् (caret) - should practice, should follow, should observe

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of car

Optative Mood, Active Voice

Third Person Singular, Optative Mood, Active Voice

Root: car (class 1)

एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone, solitary

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, alone, solitary, single

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because (emphatic/causal particle)

(indeclinable)

आश्रमम् (āśramam) - stage of life, hermitage, abode

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āśrama

āśrama - stage of life (e.g., student, householder, forest-dweller, renunciant), hermitage

Prefix: ā

Root: śram (class 4)

धर्मकामः (dharmakāmaḥ) - desirous of dharma, wishing for righteousness

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmakāma

dharmakāma - desirous of duty/righteousness/natural law

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+kāma)

• dharma – duty, natural law, righteousness, virtue, constitution, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)