महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-65, verse-3

त्यागं श्रेष्ठं मुनयो वै वदन्ति सर्वश्रेष्ठो यः शरीरं त्यजेत ।
नित्यं त्यक्तं राजधर्मेषु सर्वं प्रत्यक्षं ते भूमिपालाः सदैते ॥३॥

3. tyāgaṁ śreṣṭhaṁ munayo vai vadanti; sarvaśreṣṭho yaḥ śarīraṁ tyajeta ,
nityaṁ tyaktaṁ rājadharmeṣu sarvaṁ; pratyakṣaṁ te bhūmipālāḥ sadaite.

3. tyāgam śreṣṭham munayaḥ vai vadanti
sarvaśreṣṭhaḥ yaḥ śarīram tyajeta
nityam tyaktam rājadharmeṣu sarvam
pratyakṣam te bhūmipālāḥ sadā ete

3. Munayaḥ vai tyāgam śreṣṭham vadanti.
Yaḥ śarīram tyajeta,
(saḥ) sarvaśreṣṭhaḥ.
He bhūmipālāḥ,
te sarvam nityam rājadharmeṣu tyaktam (iti) sadā pratyakṣam ete.

3. Sages indeed declare relinquishment (tyāga) to be supreme; he who sacrifices his body is the greatest of all. O protectors of the earth, it is always directly evident to you that everything is constantly relinquished in the royal duties (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• त्यागम् (tyāgam) - abandonment, relinquishment, sacrifice

• श्रेष्ठम् (śreṣṭham) - best, excellent, supreme

• मुनयः (munayaḥ) - sages, ascetics, silent ones

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily, certainly (emphatic particle)

• वदन्ति (vadanti) - they say, they speak

• सर्वश्रेष्ठः (sarvaśreṣṭhaḥ) - best of all, supreme

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which, he who

• शरीरम् (śarīram) - body

• त्यजेत (tyajeta) - should abandon, should relinquish, should sacrifice

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, perpetually, always, eternally

• त्यक्तम् (tyaktam) - relinquished, abandoned, sacrificed

• राजधर्मेषु (rājadharmeṣu) - in royal duties, in the duties of a king (dharma)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything, the whole

• प्रत्यक्षम् (pratyakṣam) - evident, visible, directly perceived, manifest

• ते (te) - to you (O kings) (to you (dual/plural), those, they)

• भूमिपालाः (bhūmipālāḥ) - protectors of the earth, kings

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever, perpetually

• एते (ete) - these (nominative plural masculine)

Words meanings and morphology

त्यागम् (tyāgam) - abandonment, relinquishment, sacrifice

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tyāga

tyāga - abandonment, relinquishment, sacrifice

Root: tyaj (class 1)

श्रेष्ठम् (śreṣṭham) - best, excellent, supreme

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, excellent, supreme, chief

Root: śri (class 1)

मुनयः (munayaḥ) - sages, ascetics, silent ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, inspired person, silent one

Root: man (class 4)

वै (vai) - indeed, verily, certainly (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

वदन्ति (vadanti) - they say, they speak

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vad

Present Tense, Active Voice

Third Person Plural, Present Tense, Active Voice

Root: vad (class 1)

सर्वश्रेष्ठः (sarvaśreṣṭhaḥ) - best of all, supreme

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvaśreṣṭha

sarvaśreṣṭha - best of all, most excellent, supreme

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+śreṣṭha)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (neuter)
• śreṣṭha – best, excellent, supreme, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: śri (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which, he who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

शरीरम् (śarīram) - body

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śarīra

śarīra - body, physical frame

त्यजेत (tyajeta) - should abandon, should relinquish, should sacrifice

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of tyaj

Optative Mood, Active Voice

Third Person Singular, Optative Mood, Active Voice

Root: tyaj (class 1)

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, perpetually, always, eternally

(indeclinable)

त्यक्तम् (tyaktam) - relinquished, abandoned, sacrificed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tyakta

tyakta - relinquished, abandoned, sacrificed

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle from root tyaj

Root: tyaj (class 1)

राजधर्मेषु (rājadharmeṣu) - in royal duties, in the duties of a king (dharma)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of rājadharma

rājadharma - royal duty, duty of a king, king's natural law

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+dharma)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• dharma – duty, natural law, righteousness, virtue, constitution, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything, the whole

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

प्रत्यक्षम् (pratyakṣam) - evident, visible, directly perceived, manifest

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pratyakṣa

pratyakṣa - evident, visible, directly perceived, manifest

Prefix: prati

Root: akṣ

ते (te) - to you (O kings) (to you (dual/plural), those, they)

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

भूमिपालाः (bhūmipālāḥ) - protectors of the earth, kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of bhūmipāla

bhūmipāla - protector of the earth, king, ruler

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhūmi+pāla)

• bhūmi – earth, land, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pāl (class 10)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever, perpetually

(indeclinable)

एते (ete) - these (nominative plural masculine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these