महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-65, verse-17

इन्द्र उवाच ।
मातापित्रोर्हि कर्तव्या शुश्रूषा सर्वदस्युभिः ।
आचार्यगुरुशुश्रूषा तथैवाश्रमवासिनाम् ॥१७॥

17. indra uvāca ,
mātāpitrorhi kartavyā śuśrūṣā sarvadasyubhiḥ ,
ācāryaguruśuśrūṣā tathaivāśramavāsinām.

17. indraḥ uvāca mātāpitroḥ hi kartavyā śuśrūṣā
sarvadasyubhiḥ ācāryaguruśuśrūṣā tathā eva āśramavāsinām

17. indraḥ uvāca hi sarvadasyubhiḥ mātāpitroḥ śuśrūṣā kartavyā
tathā eva āśramavāsinām ācāryaguruśuśrūṣā (kartavyā)

17. Indra said: "Indeed, service (śuśrūṣā) to mother and father must be rendered by all bandits. And likewise, service to preceptors and gurus must be rendered by the inhabitants of the (different) stages of life (āśrama)."

Words meanings summery:

• इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra (name of the god)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• मातापित्रोः (mātāpitroḥ) - of mother and father, of parents

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

• कर्तव्या (kartavyā) - must be rendered/performed (to be done, to be performed, obligatory)

• शुश्रूषा (śuśrūṣā) - service, respectful attendance (service, desire to hear, obedience)

• सर्वदस्युभिः (sarvadasyubhiḥ) - by all bandits/dacoits

• आचार्यगुरुशुश्रूषा (ācāryaguruśuśrūṣā) - service to preceptors and gurus

• तथा (tathā) - likewise (thus, so, likewise)

• एव (eva) - and likewise (indeed, only, certainly)

• आश्रमवासिनाम् (āśramavāsinām) - of the inhabitants of the (different) stages of life (āśrama) (of the inhabitants of āśramas (stages of life or hermitages))

Words meanings and morphology

इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra (name of the god)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra, the chief of the Vedic gods, lord of heaven and rains

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Indicative

3rd person singular perfect active (irregular formation) of the root 'vac' (class 2).

Root: vac (class 2)

मातापित्रोः (mātāpitroḥ) - of mother and father, of parents

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of mātāpitṛ

mātāpitṛ - mother and father, parents

Dvandva compound of 'mātṛ' (mother) and 'pitṛ' (father).

Compound type : dvandva (mātṛ+pitṛ)

• mātṛ – mother
  noun (feminine)
• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)

Note: Can also be locative dual, but genitive ('of parents') makes more sense with 'śuśrūṣā' (service).

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

कर्तव्या (kartavyā) - must be rendered/performed (to be done, to be performed, obligatory)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kartavya

kartavya - to be done, to be performed, obligatory, duty

Gerundive

Formed from the root 'kṛ' (to do, to make) with the '-tavya' suffix. Feminine form to agree with 'śuśrūṣā'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

शुश्रूषा (śuśrūṣā) - service, respectful attendance (service, desire to hear, obedience)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śuśrūṣā

śuśrūṣā - service, desire to hear, obedience, respectful attendance, devotion

Derived from the desiderative stem of the root 'śru' (to hear).

Root: śru (class 5)

सर्वदस्युभिः (sarvadasyubhiḥ) - by all bandits/dacoits

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarvadasyu

sarvadasyu - all bandits, all enemies, all savages

Compound of 'sarva' (all) and 'dasyu' (bandit).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+dasyu)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
• dasyu – bandit, robber, savage, enemy
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent in a passive construction with 'kartavyā'.

आचार्यगुरुशुश्रूषा (ācāryaguruśuśrūṣā) - service to preceptors and gurus

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ācāryaguruśuśrūṣā

ācāryaguruśuśrūṣā - service to preceptors and spiritual teachers

Compound of 'ācārya' (preceptor), 'guru' (spiritual teacher), and 'śuśrūṣā' (service). 'ācāryaguru' itself is a dvandva compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ācārya+guru+śuśrūṣā)

• ācārya – preceptor, teacher, instructor
  noun (masculine)
• guru – guru, spiritual teacher, venerable person
  noun (masculine)
• śuśrūṣā – service, respectful attendance, desire to hear
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from the desiderative stem of the root 'śru' (to hear).
  Root: śru (class 5)

तथा (tathā) - likewise (thus, so, likewise)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - and likewise (indeed, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Strengthens 'tathā' to 'and likewise'.

आश्रमवासिनाम् (āśramavāsinām) - of the inhabitants of the (different) stages of life (āśrama) (of the inhabitants of āśramas (stages of life or hermitages))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of āśramavāsin

āśramavāsin - dweller in an āśrama, one observing a stage of life

Compound of 'āśrama' (hermitage/stage of life) and 'vāsin' (dweller).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āśrama+vāsin)

• āśrama – hermitage, monastery, stage of life, order
  noun (masculine)
  From 'ā-' (towards) and root 'śram' (to toil, exert). Refers to the four stages of life: brahmacarya, gṛhastha, vānaprastha, saṃnyāsa.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śram (class 4)
• vāsin – dweller, inhabitant
  noun (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  Derived from the root 'vas' (to dwell) with the suffix '-in'.
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Genitive plural, functioning as the agent for the implied passive construction 'kartavyā' (to be performed by).