महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-65, verse-12

एते धर्माः सर्ववर्णाश्च वीरैरुत्क्रष्टव्याः क्षत्रियैरेष धर्मः ।
तस्माज्ज्येष्ठा राजधर्मा न चान्ये वीर्यज्येष्ठा वीरधर्मा मता मे ॥१२॥

12. ete dharmāḥ sarvavarṇāśca vīrai;rutkraṣṭavyāḥ kṣatriyaireṣa dharmaḥ ,
tasmājjyeṣṭhā rājadharmā na cānye; vīryajyeṣṭhā vīradharmā matā me.

12. ete dharmāḥ sarvavarṇāḥ ca vīraiḥ
utkraṣṭavyāḥ kṣatriyaiḥ eṣaḥ dharmaḥ
tasmāt jyeṣṭhāḥ rājadhamāḥ na ca
anye vīryajyeṣṭhāḥ vīradharmāḥ matāḥ me

12. ete dharmāḥ ca sarvavarṇāḥ vīraiḥ
utkraṣṭavyāḥ eṣaḥ kṣatriyaiḥ dharmaḥ
tasmāt rājadhamāḥ jyeṣṭhāḥ ca anye
na vīryajyeṣṭhāḥ vīradharmāḥ me matāḥ

12. These natural laws (dharma), relevant for all social classes (varṇa), must be upheld by heroes; this is indeed the intrinsic nature (dharma) of kṣatriyas. Therefore, the royal natural laws (rāja-dharma) are supreme, and no others. In my view, the natural laws (dharma) of heroes are paramount in valor.

Words meanings summery:

• एते (ete) - these (masculine/neuter plural nominative)

• धर्माः (dharmāḥ) - intrinsic natures (dharma), natural laws, constitutions, duties

• सर्ववर्णाः (sarvavarṇāḥ) - for all social classes (varṇa), all castes

• च (ca) - and, also

• वीरैः (vīraiḥ) - by heroes, by brave men

• उत्क्रष्टव्याः (utkraṣṭavyāḥ) - to be elevated, to be distinguished, to be upheld, to be promoted

• क्षत्रियैः (kṣatriyaiḥ) - by kṣatriyas, by members of the warrior class

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (masculine)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - the intrinsic nature or duty specific to kṣatriyas (intrinsic nature (dharma), natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, hence

• ज्येष्ठाः (jyeṣṭhāḥ) - chief, principal, greatest, eldest, paramount

• राजधमाः (rājadhamāḥ) - royal natural laws (royal laws (dharma), duties of kings)

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• अन्ये (anye) - others (masculine)

• वीर्यज्येष्ठाः (vīryajyeṣṭhāḥ) - supreme in valor, foremost in prowess

• वीरधर्माः (vīradharmāḥ) - heroic laws (dharma), intrinsic nature of heroes, duties of heroes

• मताः (matāḥ) - are my considered view/opinion (considered, deemed, opinions)

• मे (me) - by me, to me, my

Words meanings and morphology

एते (ete) - these (masculine/neuter plural nominative)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

धर्माः (dharmāḥ) - intrinsic natures (dharma), natural laws, constitutions, duties

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - intrinsic nature, natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue (dharma)

From root dhṛ 'to hold, to support' + man suffix

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

सर्ववर्णाः (sarvavarṇāḥ) - for all social classes (varṇa), all castes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarvavarṇa

sarvavarṇa - all classes, all castes

Compound of sarva (all) and varṇa (social class)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+varṇa)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
• varṇa – social class, caste, color
  noun (masculine)
  From root vṛ 'to cover, to choose'
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

वीरैः (vīraiḥ) - by heroes, by brave men

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, warrior, brave man

उत्क्रष्टव्याः (utkraṣṭavyāḥ) - to be elevated, to be distinguished, to be upheld, to be promoted

(gerundive)

क्षत्रियैः (kṣatriyaiḥ) - by kṣatriyas, by members of the warrior class

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - warrior class, kṣatriya, ruler, noble

From kṣatra 'dominion, rule'

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (masculine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - the intrinsic nature or duty specific to kṣatriyas (intrinsic nature (dharma), natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - intrinsic nature, natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue (dharma)

From root dhṛ 'to hold, to support' + man suffix

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, hence

(indeclinable)

ज्येष्ठाः (jyeṣṭhāḥ) - chief, principal, greatest, eldest, paramount

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - chief, principal, greatest, eldest, paramount

Superlative degree of vṛddha (old/great)

राजधमाः (rājadhamāḥ) - royal natural laws (royal laws (dharma), duties of kings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājadharma

rājadharma - royal law, duty of kings, constitution of kings (dharma)

Compound of rājan (king) and dharma (law)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+dharma)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• dharma – intrinsic nature, natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ 'to hold, to support' + man suffix
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अन्ये (anye) - others (masculine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, different

वीर्यज्येष्ठाः (vīryajyeṣṭhāḥ) - supreme in valor, foremost in prowess

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīryajyeṣṭha

vīryajyeṣṭha - supreme in valor, foremost in prowess, having valor as the chief quality

Compound of vīrya (valor) and jyeṣṭha (foremost)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vīrya+jyeṣṭha)

• vīrya – valor, prowess, energy, strength
  noun (neuter)
  From vīra (hero) + ya suffix
• jyeṣṭha – chief, principal, greatest, eldest, paramount
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree of vṛddha (old/great)

वीरधर्माः (vīradharmāḥ) - heroic laws (dharma), intrinsic nature of heroes, duties of heroes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīradharma

vīradharma - heroic law, intrinsic nature of heroes, duty of heroes (dharma)

Compound of vīra (hero) and dharma (law)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vīra+dharma)

• vīra – hero, warrior, brave man
  noun (masculine)
• dharma – intrinsic nature, natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ 'to hold, to support' + man suffix
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

मताः (matāḥ) - are my considered view/opinion (considered, deemed, opinions)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mata

mata - thought, considered, opinion, deemed

Past Passive Participle

From root man 'to think, to believe' + kta suffix

Root: man (class 4)

मे (me) - by me, to me, my

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we