महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-65, verse-15

कथं धर्मं चरेयुस्ते सर्वे विषयवासिनः ।
मद्विधैश्च कथं स्थाप्याः सर्वे ते दस्युजीविनः ॥१५॥

15. kathaṁ dharmaṁ careyuste sarve viṣayavāsinaḥ ,
madvidhaiśca kathaṁ sthāpyāḥ sarve te dasyujīvinaḥ.

15. katham dharmam careyuḥ te sarve viṣayavāsinaḥ
madvidhaiḥ ca katham sthāpyāḥ sarve te dasyujīvinaḥ

15. katham sarve te viṣayavāsinaḥ dharmam careyuḥ ca
katham sarve te dasyujīvinaḥ madvidhaiḥ sthāpyāḥ

15. How can all these inhabitants of the lands practice their duty (dharma)? And how can all those who live as bandits be properly guided by people like me?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how, why, in what manner

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - duty, righteous conduct (duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature, natural law)

• चरेयुः (careyuḥ) - they should practice, they should behave

• ते (te) - they, those

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• विषयवासिनः (viṣayavāsinaḥ) - inhabitants of the regions/lands (inhabitants of a country/region, those dwelling in sense-objects)

• मद्विधैः (madvidhaiḥ) - by those like me, by my kind

• च (ca) - and, also

• कथम् (katham) - how, why, in what manner

• स्थाप्याः (sthāpyāḥ) - to be properly guided/established (in righteous conduct) (to be established, to be placed, to be set up, to be guided)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• ते (te) - they, those

• दस्युजीविनः (dasyujīvinaḥ) - those living as bandits, robbers, savages

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how, why, in what manner

(indeclinable)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - duty, righteous conduct (duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature, natural law)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - duty, righteousness, law, virtue, intrinsic nature, constitution, natural law

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

चरेयुः (careyuḥ) - they should practice, they should behave

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of car

Optative

3rd person plural optative active of root car (class 1)

Root: car (class 1)

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

विषयवासिनः (viṣayavāsinaḥ) - inhabitants of the regions/lands (inhabitants of a country/region, those dwelling in sense-objects)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viṣayavāsin

viṣayavāsin - inhabitant of a country/region, dweller in sense-objects or worldly affairs

Compound of 'viṣaya' (region/sense-object) and 'vāsin' (dweller).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viṣaya+vāsin)

• viṣaya – region, country, domain, sense-object, sphere
  noun (masculine)
• vāsin – dweller, inhabitant
  noun (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  Derived from the root 'vas' (to dwell) with the suffix '-in'.
  Root: vas (class 1)

मद्विधैः (madvidhaiḥ) - by those like me, by my kind

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of madvidha

madvidha - like me, of my kind, similar to me

Compound of 'mad' (stem of 'asmad' in compounds, meaning 'me' or 'my') and 'vidha' (kind, sort).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mad+vidha)

• mad – me, my (compound form of asmad)
  pronoun
  Stem of 'asmad' (I) used in compounds.
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)
  Often used as a suffix to form adjectives indicating 'kind' or 'sort'.

Note: Refers to 'by persons like me' (Indra is speaking).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कथम् (katham) - how, why, in what manner

(indeclinable)

स्थाप्याः (sthāpyāḥ) - to be properly guided/established (in righteous conduct) (to be established, to be placed, to be set up, to be guided)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sthāpya

sthāpya - to be established, to be placed, to be set up, to be made to stand

Gerundive

From the causative stem of the root 'sthā' (to stand) + '-ya' suffix. Implies 'to be caused to exist in a certain state' or 'to be fixed'.

Root: sthā (class 1)

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

दस्युजीविनः (dasyujīvinaḥ) - those living as bandits, robbers, savages

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dasyujīvin

dasyujīvin - living as a bandit, robber, savage, predatory

Compound of 'dasyu' (bandit) and 'jīvin' (living).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dasyu+jīvin)

• dasyu – bandit, robber, savage, enemy, barbarian
  noun (masculine)
• jīvin – living, existing (as), subsisting (by)
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  Derived from the root 'jīv' (to live) with the suffix '-in'. Often forms compounds to mean 'living by/as'.
  Root: jīv (class 1)