महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-65, verse-23

मान्धातोवाच ।
दृश्यन्ते मानवा लोके सर्ववर्णेषु दस्यवः ।
लिङ्गान्तरे वर्तमाना आश्रमेषु चतुर्ष्वपि ॥२३॥

23. māndhātovāca ,
dṛśyante mānavā loke sarvavarṇeṣu dasyavaḥ ,
liṅgāntare vartamānā āśrameṣu caturṣvapi.

23. māndhātā uvāca dṛśyante mānavāḥ loke sarvavarṇeṣu
dasyavaḥ liṅga antare vartamānāḥ āśrameṣu caturṣu api

23. māndhātā uvāca loke sarvavarṇeṣu caturṣu api āśrameṣu
liṅga antare vartamānāḥ mānavāḥ dasyavaḥ dṛśyante

23. Mandhātā said: "In this world, people are observed to be behaving like bandits among all social classes (varṇa), existing in various disguises even within all four stages of life (āśrama)."

Words meanings summery:

• मान्धाता (māndhātā) - Mandhātā (a legendary king)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are seen, are observed

• मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - humans, people, descendants of Manu

• लोके (loke) - in the world, among people

• सर्ववर्णेषु (sarvavarṇeṣu) - among all social classes (varṇa)

• दस्यवः (dasyavaḥ) - robbers, bandits, enemies, evil persons

• लिङ्ग (liṅga) - sign, mark, characteristic, form, guise

• अन्तरे (antare) - in another, in a different, within

• वर्तमानाः (vartamānāḥ) - existing, being, present

• आश्रमेषु (āśrameṣu) - in the stages of life (āśrama)

• चतुर्षु (caturṣu) - in four

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

Words meanings and morphology

मान्धाता (māndhātā) - Mandhātā (a legendary king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of māndhātṛ

māndhātṛ - Mandhātā (name of an ancient king)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Irregular perfect form of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are seen, are observed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (lat) of dṛś

Present Middle

Derived from √dṛś, passive construction using middle voice endings.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - humans, people, descendants of Manu

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mānava

mānava - human, man, descendant of Manu

From manu (Manu) + aṇ suffix.

लोके (loke) - in the world, among people

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, realm

Root: lok (class 1)

सर्ववर्णेषु (sarvavarṇeṣu) - among all social classes (varṇa)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of sarvavarṇa

sarvavarṇa - all social classes, all colors

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+varṇa)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective
• varṇa – color, social class, caste (varṇa)
  noun (masculine)
  From √vṛ 'to cover, choose'.
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

दस्यवः (dasyavaḥ) - robbers, bandits, enemies, evil persons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dasyu

dasyu - robber, bandit, enemy

Root: das (class 4)

लिङ्ग (liṅga) - sign, mark, characteristic, form, guise

(noun)

neuter, singular of liṅga

liṅga - mark, sign, characteristic, form, guise

Note: Part of the compound liṅgāntare.

अन्तरे (antare) - in another, in a different, within

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of antara

antara - internal, different, other, interval, inside

Note: Refers to liṅga to mean "in another guise".

वर्तमानाः (vartamānāḥ) - existing, being, present

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vartamāna

vartamāna - existing, being, present

Present Active Participle

From √vṛt (to be, exist) with śānac suffix.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with mānavāḥ.

आश्रमेषु (āśrameṣu) - in the stages of life (āśrama)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, stage of life, order of life (āśrama)

From ā- + √śram (to exert oneself).

Prefix: ā

Root: śram (class 4)

चतुर्षु (caturṣu) - in four

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with āśrameṣu.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)