महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-65, verse-33

एवं प्रवर्तिते धर्मे पुरा सुचरितेऽनघ ।
कः क्षत्रमवमन्येत चेतनावान्बहुश्रुतः ॥३३॥

33. evaṁ pravartite dharme purā sucarite'nagha ,
kaḥ kṣatramavamanyeta cetanāvānbahuśrutaḥ.

33. evam pravartite dharme purā sucarite anagha
kaḥ kṣatram avamanyeta cetanāvān bahuśrutaḥ

33. anagha purā evam sucarite dharme pravartite sati
kaḥ cetanāvān bahuśrutaḥ kṣatram avamanyeta

33. O sinless one, when natural law (dharma) was thus well-established in ancient times through righteous conduct, what conscious and learned person would ever disdain the kṣatriya power (or rulership)?

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus (established) (thus, in this manner)

• प्रवर्तिते (pravartite) - when established (referring to dharma in a locative absolute construction) (when set in motion, when established, when commenced)

• धर्मे (dharme) - when natural law (dharma) (was established) (in natural law, in duty)

• पुरा (purā) - in ancient times (formerly, in ancient times, before)

• सुचरिते (sucarite) - through well-conducted (action), referring to the manner of dharma's establishment (well-conducted, righteous, through good conduct)

• अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one! (a term of address) (O sinless one!, O faultless one!)

• कः (kaḥ) - who (among them)? (who?)

• क्षत्रम् (kṣatram) - the kṣatriya power or rulership (rulership, power, the kṣatriya class)

• अवमन्येत (avamanyeta) - would disdain (the kṣatriya power) (would disdain, would despise, would disregard)

• चेतनावान् (cetanāvān) - a conscious (person) (conscious, intelligent, sentient)

• बहुश्रुतः (bahuśrutaḥ) - a widely learned (person) (very learned, widely read)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus (established) (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

प्रवर्तिते (pravartite) - when established (referring to dharma in a locative absolute construction) (when set in motion, when established, when commenced)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pravartita

pravartita - set in motion, commenced, established, caused to proceed

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛt (to turn, exist) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

धर्मे (dharme) - when natural law (dharma) (was established) (in natural law, in duty)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom, religion

From root dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

पुरा (purā) - in ancient times (formerly, in ancient times, before)

(indeclinable)

सुचरिते (sucarite) - through well-conducted (action), referring to the manner of dharma's establishment (well-conducted, righteous, through good conduct)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of sucarita

sucarita - well-conducted, well-behaved, righteous action, good conduct

Past Passive Participle

From root car (to move, behave) with prefix su- (good)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+carita)

• su – good, well, easily
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating 'good' or 'well'
• carita – done, performed, behaved, action, conduct
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root car (to move, behave)
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'dharme' in the locative absolute construction, implying 'through righteous conduct'.

अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one! (a term of address) (O sinless one!, O faultless one!)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of anagha

anagha - sinless, faultless, pure, innocent

Negation of agha (sin, fault)

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrīhi (a+agha)

• a – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• agha – evil, sin, distress, fault
  noun (neuter)

कः (kaḥ) - who (among them)? (who?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which, why

क्षत्रम् (kṣatram) - the kṣatriya power or rulership (rulership, power, the kṣatriya class)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṣatra

kṣatra - dominion, power, sovereignty, rule, the warrior or ruling class

अवमन्येत (avamanyeta) - would disdain (the kṣatriya power) (would disdain, would despise, would disregard)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi liṅ) of avamany

Prefix: ava

Root: man (class 4)

चेतनावान् (cetanāvān) - a conscious (person) (conscious, intelligent, sentient)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cetanāvat

cetanāvat - possessed of consciousness or intelligence, sentient, conscious

From cetanā (consciousness) with suffix -vat

बहुश्रुतः (bahuśrutaḥ) - a widely learned (person) (very learned, widely read)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bahuśruta

bahuśruta - much heard, widely learned, very learned

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+śruta)

• bahu – much, many, abundant
  adjective (masculine)
• śruta – heard, learned, knowledge
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root śru (to hear)
  Root: śru (class 1)