महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-25, verse-19

येऽरक्ष्यमाणा हीयन्ते दैवेनोपहते नृपे ।
तस्करैश्चापि हन्यन्ते सर्वं तद्राजकिल्बिषम् ॥१९॥

19. ye'rakṣyamāṇā hīyante daivenopahate nṛpe ,
taskaraiścāpi hanyante sarvaṁ tadrājakilbiṣam.

19. ye arakṣyamāṇāḥ hīyante daivena upahate nṛpe |
taskaraiḥ ca api hanyante sarvam tat rājakilbiṣam

19. nṛpe daivena upahate,
ye arakṣyamāṇāḥ hīyante ca api taskaraiḥ hanyante,
tat sarvam rājakilbiṣam

19. When the king is struck by misfortune, those subjects who are left unprotected (by him) perish, and are also slain by thieves; all of that constitutes the king's sin (rājakilbiṣam).

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - (those subjects) who (those who)

• अरक्ष्यमाणाः (arakṣyamāṇāḥ) - (subjects) who are left unprotected (being unprotected, not being guarded)

• हीयन्ते (hīyante) - perish (suffer loss) (are abandoned, suffer loss, perish, diminish)

• दैवेन (daivena) - by misfortune (which is attributed to fate) (by fate, by destiny, by divine will)

• उपहते (upahate) - struck (by misfortune) (afflicted, struck, ruined, damaged)

• नृपे (nṛpe) - when the king (is afflicted) (in the king, when the king)

• तस्करैः (taskaraiḥ) - by thieves, by robbers

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• हन्यन्ते (hanyante) - are killed, are slain, are struck

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all of that (entire situation) (all, whole, entire)

• तत् (tat) - that (refers to the entire preceding situation) (that, this)

• राजकिल्बिषम् (rājakilbiṣam) - the king's sin (rājakilbiṣam) (king's sin, royal offense, royal fault)

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - (those subjects) who (those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what, that (relative pronoun)

अरक्ष्यमाणाः (arakṣyamāṇāḥ) - (subjects) who are left unprotected (being unprotected, not being guarded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of arakṣyamāṇa

arakṣyamāṇa - not being protected, being unprotected

Present Passive Participle

From 'a-' (negation) and 'rakṣyamāṇa' (being protected), which is Present Passive Participle of √rakṣ.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+rakṣyamāṇa)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• rakṣyamāṇa – being protected, being guarded
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Passive Participle
  Derived from √rakṣ (to protect) with suffix '-yamāṇa'.
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)

हीयन्ते (hīyante) - perish (suffer loss) (are abandoned, suffer loss, perish, diminish)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of hā

Present Middle

Passive/middle form of √hā (to abandon, forsake, go away). Often used in middle for "to suffer loss".

Root: hā (class 3)

दैवेन (daivena) - by misfortune (which is attributed to fate) (by fate, by destiny, by divine will)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - relating to gods, divine; fate, destiny, divine influence/power

From 'deva' (god).

Root: div

उपहते (upahate) - struck (by misfortune) (afflicted, struck, ruined, damaged)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of upahata

upahata - struck, afflicted, injured, ruined, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From √han (to strike, kill) with prefix 'upa-'.

Prefix: upa

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Locative absolute construction with 'nṛpe'.

नृपे (nṛpe) - when the king (is afflicted) (in the king, when the king)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, monarch (literally 'man-protector')

Compound of 'nṛ' (man) and 'pa' (protector, from √pā 'to protect').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  From √pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Locative absolute construction with 'upahate'.

तस्करैः (taskaraiḥ) - by thieves, by robbers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of taskara

taskara - thief, robber, pilferer

Probably from 'tat' (that) + 'kara' (making, doing) - referring to stealing property.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes that this also happens.

हन्यन्ते (hanyante) - are killed, are slain, are struck

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of han

Present Middle

Passive form of √han (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all of that (entire situation) (all, whole, entire)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

तत् (tat) - that (refers to the entire preceding situation) (that, this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this (demonstrative/anaphoric pronoun)

Note: Refers to the entire preceding statement as the subject.

राजकिल्बिषम् (rājakilbiṣam) - the king's sin (rājakilbiṣam) (king's sin, royal offense, royal fault)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rājakilbiṣa

rājakilbiṣa - royal sin, king's offense, the sin or fault of a king

Compound of 'rāja' (king) and 'kilbiṣa' (sin).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rājan+kilbiṣa)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• kilbiṣa – sin, fault, offense, crime
  noun (neuter)

Note: The predicate nominative for "tat sarvam".