महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-25, verse-13

निबोध च यथातिष्ठन्धर्मान्न च्यवते नृपः ।
निग्रहाद्धर्मशास्त्राणामनुरुध्यन्नपेतभीः ।
कामक्रोधावनादृत्य पितेव समदर्शनः ॥१३॥

13. nibodha ca yathātiṣṭhandharmānna cyavate nṛpaḥ ,
nigrahāddharmaśāstrāṇāmanurudhyannapetabhīḥ ,
kāmakrodhāvanādṛtya piteva samadarśanaḥ.

13. nibodha ca yathā atiṣṭhan dharmāt
na cyavate nṛpaḥ nigrahāt dharmaśāstrāṇām
anurudhyan apetabhīḥ
kāmakrodhau anādṛtya pitā iva samadarśanaḥ

13. ca nibodha yathā nṛpaḥ apetabhīḥ
kāmakrodhau anādṛtya pitā iva
samadarśanaḥ dharmaśāstrāṇām nigrahāt
anurudhyan dharmāt na cyavate

13. And learn how a king, by adhering to the injunctions of the sacred law texts (dharmaśāstras), does not deviate from his inherent duties (dharma). He remains fearless, disregards desire and anger, and possesses impartiality like a father.

Words meanings summery:

• निबोध (nibodha) - understand, perceive, learn

• च (ca) - and, also

• यथा (yathā) - as, how, in which way

• अतिष्ठन् (atiṣṭhan) - standing, abiding, upholding

• धर्मात् (dharmāt) - from dharma, from duty, from righteousness

• न (na) - not, no

• च्यवते (cyavate) - he deviates, he falls away, he moves from

• नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king, ruler

• निग्रहात् (nigrahāt) - by restraining, by enforcing

• धर्मशास्त्राणाम् (dharmaśāstrāṇām) - of the sacred law texts, of the dharma scriptures

• अनुरुध्यन् (anurudhyan) - conforming, following, abiding by

• अपेतभीः (apetabhīḥ) - fearless, having abandoned fear

• कामक्रोधौ (kāmakrodhau) - desire and anger

• अनादृत्य (anādṛtya) - disregarding, neglecting, disrespecting

• पिता (pitā) - father

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• समदर्शनः (samadarśanaḥ) - impartial, having equal vision, seeing equally

Words meanings and morphology

निबोध (nibodha) - understand, perceive, learn

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of nibudh

Derived from root budh (to know) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यथा (yathā) - as, how, in which way

(indeclinable)

अतिष्ठन् (atiṣṭhan) - standing, abiding, upholding

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tiṣṭhat

tiṣṭhat - standing, abiding, remaining

Present Active Participle

Derived from root sthā (to stand), present stem tiṣṭha.

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Adjective for nṛpaḥ.

धर्मात् (dharmāt) - from dharma, from duty, from righteousness

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, duty, law, constitution, intrinsic nature

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च्यवते (cyavate) - he deviates, he falls away, he moves from

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of cyu

Root: cyu (class 1)

नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, protector of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, guardian, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

निग्रहात् (nigrahāt) - by restraining, by enforcing

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of nigraha

nigraha - restraint, suppression, control, enforcement

Derived from root grah with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Means 'by means of restraint/enforcement'.

धर्मशास्त्राणाम् (dharmaśāstrāṇām) - of the sacred law texts, of the dharma scriptures

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of dharmaśāstra

dharmaśāstra - sacred law text, treatise on dharma (righteous conduct)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+śāstra)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, law, constitution, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• śāstra – scripture, sacred text, doctrine, science
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śās (class 2)

अनुरुध्यन् (anurudhyan) - conforming, following, abiding by

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anurudhyat

anurudhyat - conforming, following, obeying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root rudh (to obstruct/confine) with prefix anu (after, along with). In ātmanepada, anurudh means 'to conform to, to follow'.

Prefix: anu

Root: rudh (class 7)

Note: Adjective for nṛpaḥ.

अपेतभीः (apetabhīḥ) - fearless, having abandoned fear

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apetabhī

apetabhī - fearless, one from whom fear has departed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (apeta+bhī)

• apeta – gone away, departed, free from
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root i (to go) with prefixes apa and ita.
  Prefix: apa
  Root: i (class 2)
• bhī – fear
  noun (feminine)
  Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Adjective for nṛpaḥ.

कामक्रोधौ (kāmakrodhau) - desire and anger

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of kāmakrodha

kāmakrodha - desire and anger

Compound type : dvandva (kāma+krodha)

• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: krudh (class 4)

अनादृत्य (anādṛtya) - disregarding, neglecting, disrespecting

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root dṛ (to honor) with prefix anā (ana + ā) and absolutive suffix -ya. anā acts as a negative prefix here.

Prefixes: an+ā

Root: dṛ (class 6)

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

समदर्शनः (samadarśanaḥ) - impartial, having equal vision, seeing equally

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samadarśana

samadarśana - seeing equally, impartial, having equal vision

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sama+darśana)

• sama – same, equal, impartial
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sam (class 1)
• darśana – seeing, vision, insight
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root dṛś (to see).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Adjective for nṛpaḥ.