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11,20

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-20, verse-32

उत्तरं चाभिमन्युं च काम्बोजं च सुदक्षिणम् ।
शिशूनेतान्हतान्पश्य लक्ष्मणं च सुदर्शनम् ।
आयोधनशिरोमध्ये शयानं पश्य माधव ॥३२॥
32. uttaraṁ cābhimanyuṁ ca kāmbojaṁ ca sudakṣiṇam ,
śiśūnetānhatānpaśya lakṣmaṇaṁ ca sudarśanam ,
āyodhanaśiromadhye śayānaṁ paśya mādhava.
32. uttaram ca abhimanyuṃ ca kāmbojam
ca sudakṣiṇam śiśūn etān hatān paśya
lakṣmaṇaṃ ca sudarśanam āyodhanashiraḥ
madhye śayānam paśya mādhava
32. mādhava uttaram ca abhimanyuṃ ca
kāmbojam ca sudakṣiṇam etān śiśūn
hatān paśya lakṣmaṇaṃ ca sudarśanam
āyodhanashiraḥ madhye śayānam paśya
32. O Madhava, behold these slain children: Uttara, Abhimanyu, Kambhoja, and Sudakshina. And see Lakshmana and Sudarshana lying in the very heart of the battlefield.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • उत्तरम् (uttaram) - Uttara (name of a prince, Virata's son) (Uttara (a proper name), north, upper, later)
  • (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
  • अभिमन्युं (abhimanyuṁ) - Abhimanyu (son of Arjuna) (Abhimanyu (a proper name))
  • (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
  • काम्बोजम् (kāmbojam) - Kambhoja (name of a prince) (Kambhoja (a proper name, usually referring to a kingdom or its people, or a prince from there))
  • (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
  • सुदक्षिणम् (sudakṣiṇam) - Sudakshina (name of a prince, from Kambhoja) (Sudakshina (a proper name); very skilled/generous)
  • शिशून् (śiśūn) - children (referring to the young princes) (children, infants, youths)
  • एतान् (etān) - these (referring to the princes) (these (masculine accusative plural))
  • हतान् (hatān) - slain, killed (in battle) (slain, killed, destroyed)
  • पश्य (paśya) - behold (look, see, behold)
  • लक्ष्मणं (lakṣmaṇaṁ) - Lakshmana (name of a prince) (Lakshmana (a proper name))
  • (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
  • सुदर्शनम् (sudarśanam) - Sudarshana (name of a prince) (Sudarshana (a proper name); beautiful, lovely to behold)
  • आयोधनस्हिरः (āyodhanashiraḥ) - the heart of the battlefield (head of the battle, battlefield)
  • मध्ये (madhye) - in the midst (of the battlefield) (in the middle, amidst, among)
  • शयानम् (śayānam) - lying (on the ground, deceased) (lying, sleeping, resting)
  • पश्य (paśya) - behold (look, see, behold)
  • माधव (mādhava) - O Madhava (addressing Krishna) (O Madhava (epithet of Krishna, Vishnu))

Words meanings and morphology

उत्तरम् (uttaram) - Uttara (name of a prince, Virata's son) (Uttara (a proper name), north, upper, later)
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of uttara
uttara - north, upper, later, following; a proper name
(ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
अभिमन्युं (abhimanyuṁ) - Abhimanyu (son of Arjuna) (Abhimanyu (a proper name))
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of abhimanyu
abhimanyu - Abhimanyu (a proper name)
(ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
काम्बोजम् (kāmbojam) - Kambhoja (name of a prince) (Kambhoja (a proper name, usually referring to a kingdom or its people, or a prince from there))
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of kāmboja
kāmboja - a prince or inhabitant of the Kambhoja country; name of a country
(ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
सुदक्षिणम् (sudakṣiṇam) - Sudakshina (name of a prince, from Kambhoja) (Sudakshina (a proper name); very skilled/generous)
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of sudakṣiṇa
sudakṣiṇa - very able, very clever, very benevolent; a proper name
Prefix: su
Root: dakṣ (class 1)
शिशून् (śiśūn) - children (referring to the young princes) (children, infants, youths)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of śiśu
śiśu - child, infant, young animal, youth
एतान् (etān) - these (referring to the princes) (these (masculine accusative plural))
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of etad
etad - this, these
Note: Demonstrative pronoun.
हतान् (hatān) - slain, killed (in battle) (slain, killed, destroyed)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of hata
hata - struck, killed, destroyed, harmed
Past Passive Participle
Formed from root han (to strike, kill)
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Participle qualifying 'śiśūn'.
पश्य (paśya) - behold (look, see, behold)
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of paś
Imperative
Formed from root dṛś (to see), with a thematic stem paśya-
Root: dṛś (class 1)
लक्ष्मणं (lakṣmaṇaṁ) - Lakshmana (name of a prince) (Lakshmana (a proper name))
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa
lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana (a proper name); fortunate, auspicious
(ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
सुदर्शनम् (sudarśanam) - Sudarshana (name of a prince) (Sudarshana (a proper name); beautiful, lovely to behold)
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of sudarśana
sudarśana - beautiful, lovely, pleasing to the eye; a proper name (also a disc weapon)
Prefix: su
Root: dṛś (class 1)
आयोधनस्हिरः (āyodhanashiraḥ) - the heart of the battlefield (head of the battle, battlefield)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of āyodhanashiras
āyodhanashiras - head of the battle, battlefield
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āyodhana+śiras)
  • āyodhana – battle, combat
    noun (neuter)
    Prefix: ā
    Root: yudh (class 4)
  • śiras – head, top, peak
    noun (neuter)
Note: Used here adjectivally/locationally with 'madhye'.
मध्ये (madhye) - in the midst (of the battlefield) (in the middle, amidst, among)
(indeclinable)
Note: It is technically a locative form, but often functions adverbially.
शयानम् (śayānam) - lying (on the ground, deceased) (lying, sleeping, resting)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of śayāna
śayāna - lying, sleeping, resting
Present Active Participle
Formed from root śī (to lie down, sleep)
Root: śī (class 2)
Note: Qualifies the slain princes.
पश्य (paśya) - behold (look, see, behold)
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of paś
Imperative
Formed from root dṛś (to see), with a thematic stem paśya-
Root: dṛś (class 1)
माधव (mādhava) - O Madhava (addressing Krishna) (O Madhava (epithet of Krishna, Vishnu))
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of mādhava
mādhava - descendant of Madhu; epithet of Krishna/Vishnu