महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-20, verse-17

द्रोणद्रौणायनी चोभौ यैरसि व्यसनीकृतः ।
रथर्षभाणां सर्वेषां कथमासीत्तदा मनः ॥१७॥

17. droṇadrauṇāyanī cobhau yairasi vyasanīkṛtaḥ ,
ratharṣabhāṇāṁ sarveṣāṁ kathamāsīttadā manaḥ.

17. droṇa drauṇāyani ca ubhau yaiḥ asi vyasanīkṛtaḥ
| ratharṣabhāṇām sarveṣām katham āsīt tadā manaḥ

17. yaiḥ droṇa drauṇāyani ca ubhau (taiḥ) tvam vyasanīkṛtaḥ
asi tadā sarveṣām ratharṣabhāṇām manaḥ katham āsīt?

17. By whom, including both Droṇa and Aśvatthāman (Drauṇāyani), you were brought to ruin; how then was the mind (manas) of all those chief charioteers at that time?

Words meanings summery:

• द्रोण (droṇa) - Droṇa (the teacher of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas) (Droṇa)

• द्रौणायनि (drauṇāyani) - Aśvatthāman, son of Droṇa (son of Droṇa, Aśvatthāman)

• च (ca) - and

• उभौ (ubhau) - both

• यैः (yaiḥ) - by whom

• असि (asi) - you are

• व्यसनीकृतः (vyasanīkṛtaḥ) - brought to ruin, killed (referring to Abhimanyu's death) (distressed, made sorrowful, ruined, destroyed)

• रथर्षभाणाम् (ratharṣabhāṇām) - of the best charioteers, chief among charioteers

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

• कथम् (katham) - how

• आसीत् (āsīt) - it was

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, heart, thought

Words meanings and morphology

द्रोण (droṇa) - Droṇa (the teacher of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas) (Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (proper name); a measure of capacity; a kind of raven

द्रौणायनि (drauṇāyani) - Aśvatthāman, son of Droṇa (son of Droṇa, Aśvatthāman)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇāyani

drauṇāyani - son of Droṇa, i.e., Aśvatthāman

patronymic from Droṇa

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

उभौ (ubhau) - both

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

यैः (yaiḥ) - by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what (relative pronoun)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

व्यसनीकृतः (vyasanīkṛtaḥ) - brought to ruin, killed (referring to Abhimanyu's death) (distressed, made sorrowful, ruined, destroyed)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyasanīkṛta

vyasanīkṛta - made miserable, distressed, ruined

past passive participle

compound of vyasana (distress) and kṛta (done/made)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vyasana+kṛta)

• vyasana – distress, misfortune, calamity, ruin
  noun (neuter)
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from the root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

रथर्षभाणाम् (ratharṣabhāṇām) - of the best charioteers, chief among charioteers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ratharṣabha

ratharṣabha - bull among charioteers; excellent charioteer, chief of charioteers

compound of ratha and ṛṣabha

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+ṛṣabha)

• ratha – chariot; charioteer, warrior
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull; best, chief, excellent
  noun (masculine)

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

कथम् (katham) - how

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - it was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, heart, thought

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, spirit, thought