महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-20, verse-30

वितुद्यमानं विहगैर्विराटमसितेक्षणाः ।
न शक्नुवन्ति विवशा निवर्तयितुमातुराः ॥३०॥

30. vitudyamānaṁ vihagairvirāṭamasitekṣaṇāḥ ,
na śaknuvanti vivaśā nivartayitumāturāḥ.

30. vitudyamānam vihagaiḥ virāṭam asitekṣaṇāḥ
na śaknuvanti vivaśāḥ nivartayitum āturāḥ

30. vivashāḥ āturāḥ asitekṣaṇāḥ,
vihagaiḥ vitudyamānam virāṭam nivartayitum na śaknuvanti

30. Helpless and distressed, the dark-eyed women are unable to repel the birds that are pecking at Virata.

Words meanings summery:

• वितुद्यमानम् (vitudyamānam) - Virata, who is being pecked at by the birds. (being pecked, being tormented, being pierced)

• विहगैः (vihagaiḥ) - The scavenging birds. (by birds, by those moving in the sky)

• विराटम् (virāṭam) - King Virata. (Virata (name), sovereign)

• असितेक्षणाः (asitekṣaṇāḥ) - Referring to the women. (dark-eyed, black-eyed)

• न (na) - not, no

• शक्नुवन्ति (śaknuvanti) - They are unable. (they are able, they can)

• विवशाः (vivaśāḥ) - The women, being helpless. (helpless, powerless, dependent)

• निवर्तयितुम् (nivartayitum) - To repel the birds. (to turn back, to cause to return, to repel, to stop)

• आतुराः (āturāḥ) - The women, being distressed. (distressed, afflicted, suffering, sick)

Words meanings and morphology

वितुद्यमानम् (vitudyamānam) - Virata, who is being pecked at by the birds. (being pecked, being tormented, being pierced)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vitudyamāna

vitudyamāna - being pecked at, being tormented

Present Passive Participle

From root tud (to strike, peck) with upasarga vi, in passive voice, present tense.

Prefix: vi

Root: tud (class 6)

विहगैः (vihagaiḥ) - The scavenging birds. (by birds, by those moving in the sky)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vihaga

vihaga - bird, one moving in the sky

Compound of vi (in all directions) and ga (going).

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa or upapada (vi+ga)

• vi – apart, asunder, in different directions
  indeclinable
• ga – going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  From root gam (to go) with suffix -a.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Denotes the agent of the pecking action.

विराटम् (virāṭam) - King Virata. (Virata (name), sovereign)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of virāṭa

virāṭa - sovereign, ruler; King Virata (name of a king in Mahabharata)

असितेक्षणाः (asitekṣaṇāḥ) - Referring to the women. (dark-eyed, black-eyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of asitekṣaṇā

asitekṣaṇā - dark-eyed, black-eyed

Bahuvrīhi compound: asita (black, dark) + īkṣaṇa (eye). 'She who has black eyes'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (asita+īkṣaṇa)

• asita – black, dark; unchained
  adjective (masculine)
• īkṣaṇa – eye, seeing, looking
  noun (neuter)
  From root īkṣ (to see).
  Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of śaknuvanti.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शक्नुवन्ति (śaknuvanti) - They are unable. (they are able, they can)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of śak

Present active indicative

3rd person plural, present tense, active voice.

Root: śak (class 5)

विवशाः (vivaśāḥ) - The women, being helpless. (helpless, powerless, dependent)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vivaśa

vivaśa - helpless, powerless, dependent, not masters of themselves

Compound of vi (without) + vaśa (control).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi or avyayībhāva (vi+vaśa)

• vi – without, apart
  indeclinable
• vaśa – will, control, power
  noun (masculine)

निवर्तयितुम् (nivartayitum) - To repel the birds. (to turn back, to cause to return, to repel, to stop)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive of causative of root vṛt (to turn) with upasarga ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

आतुराः (āturāḥ) - The women, being distressed. (distressed, afflicted, suffering, sick)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of āturā

āturā - distressed, afflicted, suffering, sick

From ā-√tur (to hasten, be agitated).

Root: tur (class 1)