महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-205, verse-4

वर्तमानेषु धर्मेण पाण्डवेषु महात्मसु ।
व्यवर्धन्कुरवः सर्वे हीनदोषाः सुखान्विताः ॥४॥

4. vartamāneṣu dharmeṇa pāṇḍaveṣu mahātmasu ,
vyavardhankuravaḥ sarve hīnadoṣāḥ sukhānvitāḥ.

4. vartamāneṣu dharmeṇa pāṇḍaveṣu mahātmasu
vyavardhan kuravaḥ sarve hīnadoṣāḥ sukhānvitāḥ

4. While the magnanimous Pandavas were abiding by the natural law (dharma), all the Kurus prospered, being free from vices and filled with happiness.

Words meanings summery:

• वर्तमानेषु (vartamāneṣu) - while ruling, among those abiding by (among those who are present, abiding, existing, ruling)

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by the (natural) law (dharma) (by (natural) law (dharma), by righteousness, by religious merit)

• पाण्डवेषु (pāṇḍaveṣu) - among the Pandavas

• महात्मसु (mahātmasu) - among the magnanimous (Pandavas) (among the great-souled, magnanimous ones)

• व्यवर्धन् (vyavardhan) - prospered (they grew, prospered, flourished)

• कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - all the people of the Kuru kingdom (the Kurus)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

• हीनदोषाः (hīnadoṣāḥ) - free from vices (free from faults, faultless, devoid of shortcomings)

• सुखान्विताः (sukhānvitāḥ) - filled with happiness (endowed with happiness, happy, comfortable)

Words meanings and morphology

वर्तमानेषु (vartamāneṣu) - while ruling, among those abiding by (among those who are present, abiding, existing, ruling)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of vartamāna

vartamāna - being, existing, present, current; abiding

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √vṛt (to be, exist, turn), ātmanepada form.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'pāṇḍaveṣu' and 'mahātmasu'.

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by the (natural) law (dharma) (by (natural) law (dharma), by righteousness, by religious merit)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, religious merit

पाण्डवेषु (pāṇḍaveṣu) - among the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu; the Pandavas (Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna, Nakula, Sahadeva)

Derived from 'paṇḍu' with affix 'a'.

महात्मसु (mahātmasu) - among the magnanimous (Pandavas) (among the great-souled, magnanimous ones)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous, lofty-minded

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'pāṇḍaveṣu'.

व्यवर्धन् (vyavardhan) - prospered (they grew, prospered, flourished)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of vyavardh

Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural.

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: The root is √vṛdh (to grow), here with prefixes vi- and ava- (making it vyava- as sandhi with a- from imperfect prefix).

कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - all the people of the Kuru kingdom (the Kurus)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - name of an ancient tribe and kingdom; a descendant of Kuru

Note: Subject of 'vyavardhan'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with 'kuravaḥ'.

हीनदोषाः (hīnadoṣāḥ) - free from vices (free from faults, faultless, devoid of shortcomings)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hīnadoṣa

hīnadoṣa - devoid of faults, faultless

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hīna+doṣa)

• hīna – abandoned, left, devoid of, deprived of
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √hā (to abandon, leave)
  Root: hā (class 3)
• doṣa – fault, defect, vice, sin
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'kuravaḥ'.

सुखान्विताः (sukhānvitāḥ) - filled with happiness (endowed with happiness, happy, comfortable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sukhānvita

sukhānvita - endowed with happiness, accompanied by joy

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sukha+anvita)

• sukha – happiness, joy, comfort
  noun (neuter)
• anvita – accompanied, connected with, joined by, endowed with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √i (to go) with prefix 'anu'.
  Prefix: anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'kuravaḥ'.