महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-205, verse-17

अनुप्रवेशे राज्ञस्तु वनवासो भवेन्मम ।
अधर्मो वा महानस्तु वने वा मरणं मम ।
शरीरस्यापि नाशेन धर्म एव विशिष्यते ॥१७॥

17. anupraveśe rājñastu vanavāso bhavenmama ,
adharmo vā mahānastu vane vā maraṇaṁ mama ,
śarīrasyāpi nāśena dharma eva viśiṣyate.

17. anupraveśe rājñaḥ tu vanavāsaḥ
bhavet mama | adharmaḥ vā mahān astu
vane vā maraṇam mama | śarīrasya
api nāśena dharmaḥ eva viśiṣyate

17. If the king enters (the forest), then forest exile would be my destiny. Otherwise, a great unrighteousness (adharma) would occur, or my death in the forest. Yet, even with the destruction of the body, adherence to natural law (dharma) alone is superior.

17. ובכניסה אל המלך אהיה נידון לחיים ביער. אולי אפילו אצבור חטא גדול, או שאמות ביער. אולם גם במחיר השמדת גופי, חוק היושר עדיף.

Words meanings summery:

• अनुप्रवेशे (anupraveśe) - in entering, upon entry, in following

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• वनवासः (vanavāsaḥ) - forest dwelling, exile in the forest

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may it be, would it be, should it befall

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness, injustice, impiety, violation of natural law

• वा (vā) - or, either

• महान् (mahān) - great, large, powerful

• अस्तु (astu) - let it be, may it be

• वने (vane) - in the forest

• वा (vā) - or, either

• मरणम् (maraṇam) - death, dying

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• शरीरस्य (śarīrasya) - of the body

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• नाशेन (nāśena) - by destruction, through loss

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• विशिष्यते (viśiṣyate) - is distinguished, is superior, excels

Words meanings and morphology

अनुप्रवेशे (anupraveśe) - in entering, upon entry, in following

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of anupraveśa

anupraveśa - entering after, following, seeking refuge, penetration

Prefixes: anu+pra

Root: viś (class 6)

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

वनवासः (vanavāsaḥ) - forest dwelling, exile in the forest

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vanavāsa

vanavāsa - dwelling in a forest, forest exile

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+vāsa)

• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
• vāsa – dwelling, residing, abode
  noun (masculine)

भवेत् (bhavet) - may it be, would it be, should it befall

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness, injustice, impiety, violation of natural law

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, impiety, violation of natural law (dharma)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

महान् (mahān) - great, large, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

अस्तु (astu) - let it be, may it be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

मरणम् (maraṇam) - death, dying

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of maraṇa

maraṇa - death, dying, demise

action noun

derived from √mṛ (to die)

Root: mṛ (class 6)

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

शरीरस्य (śarīrasya) - of the body

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of śarīra

śarīra - body, frame, physical form

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

नाशेन (nāśena) - by destruction, through loss

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nāśa

nāśa - destruction, loss, ruin, disappearance

action noun

derived from √naś (to perish)

Root: naś (class 4)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

विशिष्यते (viśiṣyate) - is distinguished, is superior, excels

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of viśiṣ

Prefix: vi

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

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