महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-133, verse-22

अनाप्तैर्दत्तमादत्ते नरः शस्त्रमलोहजम् ।
श्वाविच्छरणमासाद्य प्रमुच्येत हुताशनात् ॥२२॥

22. anāptairdattamādatte naraḥ śastramalohajam ,
śvāviccharaṇamāsādya pramucyeta hutāśanāt.

22. anāptaiḥ dattam ādatte naraḥ śastram alohajam
śvāvit śaraṇam āsādya pramucyeta hutāśanāt

22. A man accepts a non-metallic weapon given by unreliable persons. Yet, a porcupine, by reaching a place of refuge, can escape from fire.

Words meanings summery:

• अनाप्तैः (anāptaiḥ) - by untrustworthy ones, by unreliable persons, by those not obtained

• दत्तम् (dattam) - given, offered

• आदत्ते (ādatte) - he takes, accepts, receives

• नरः (naraḥ) - man, person

• शस्त्रम् (śastram) - weapon, instrument

• अलोहजम् (alohajam) - not made of iron, non-metallic

• श्वावित् (śvāvit) - porcupine

• शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, shelter, protection

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having reached, having obtained, having approached

• प्रमुच्येत (pramucyeta) - may be freed, may escape

• हुताशनात् (hutāśanāt) - from fire

Words meanings and morphology

अनाप्तैः (anāptaiḥ) - by untrustworthy ones, by unreliable persons, by those not obtained

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anāpta

anāpta - untrustworthy, unreliable, unworthy, not obtained, not attained

Past Passive Participle (negative)

Compound of negative prefix an- and āpta (obtained, trustworthy, capable), derived from root āp (to obtain)

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpuruṣa (an+āpta)

• an – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• āpta – obtained, trustworthy, capable, beloved
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root āp (to obtain)
  Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agent of dattam

दत्तम् (dattam) - given, offered

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of datta

datta - given, offered, granted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dā (to give)

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies śastram

आदत्ते (ādatte) - he takes, accepts, receives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ā-dā

Present Indicative (laṭ-lakāra)

Root dā (to give) with upasarga ā, 3rd conjugation (juhotyādi), 3rd person singular middle voice

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

नरः (naraḥ) - man, person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

Root: nṛ

Note: Subject of ādatte

शस्त्रम् (śastram) - weapon, instrument

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śastra

śastra - weapon, instrument, knife, sword

Derived from root śas (to cut)

Root: śas (class 2)

Note: Object of ādatte

अलोहजम् (alohajam) - not made of iron, non-metallic

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of alohaja

alohaja - not made of iron, non-metallic, born of non-iron

Compound of aloha (non-iron) and ja (born, produced from)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (aloha+ja)

• aloha – non-iron, without iron
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound of negative prefix a- and loha (iron)
• ja – born, produced from, causing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

श्वावित् (śvāvit) - porcupine

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śvāvit

śvāvit - porcupine

Note: Subject of pramucyeta

शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, shelter, protection

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śaraṇa

śaraṇa - refuge, shelter, protection, home

Derived from root śṛ (to crush, to break) with suffix ana; or from śara (arrow)

Root: śṛ (class 9)

Note: Object of āsādya

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having reached, having obtained, having approached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Derived from root sad (to sit, go) with upasarga ā and suffix ya

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

प्रमुच्येत (pramucyeta) - may be freed, may escape

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of pra-muc

Optative (vidhi-liṅ)

Root muc (to free) with upasarga pra, 6th conjugation, 3rd person singular middle voice (passive-like meaning)

Prefix: pra

Root: muc (class 6)

हुताशनात् (hutāśanāt) - from fire

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of hutāśana

hutāśana - fire (lit. having fire for food, or eating oblations)

Compound of huta (offered in fire) and aśana (eating, food)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa or Bahuvrīhi (huta+aśana)

• huta – offered, sacrificed, cast into fire
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root hu (to offer, sacrifice)
  Root: hu (class 3)
• aśana – eating, food
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root aś (to eat)
  Root: aś (class 9)