महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-133, verse-20

कक्षघ्नः शिशिरघ्नश्च महाकक्षे बिलौकसः ।
न दहेदिति चात्मानं यो रक्षति स जीवति ॥२०॥

20. kakṣaghnaḥ śiśiraghnaśca mahākakṣe bilaukasaḥ ,
na dahediti cātmānaṁ yo rakṣati sa jīvati.

20. kakṣaghnaḥ śiśiraghnaḥ ca mahākakṣe bilaukasaḥ
na dahet iti ca ātmānam yaḥ rakṣati sa jīvati

20. Fire, which consumes dry grass and dispels the cold, can also burn creatures dwelling in holes within a vast thicket. He who protects himself with the thought, 'I should not be burned,' indeed survives.

Words meanings summery:

• कक्षघ्नः (kakṣaghnaḥ) - fire (destroyer of dry grass, fire (lit. grass-killer))

• शिशिरघ्नः (śiśiraghnaḥ) - fire (destroyer of cold, dispeller of cold, fire (lit. cold-killer))

• च (ca) - and

• महाकक्षे (mahākakṣe) - in a large thicket, in a great dry-grass land

• बिलौकसः (bilaukasaḥ) - animals in burrows (those living in holes, cave-dwellers, animals in burrows)

• न (na) - not, no

• दहेत् (dahet) - it should burn, it may burn

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner (marks direct speech or thought)

• च (ca) - and, also

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - one's own self (oneself, his own self (ātman))

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which (relative pronoun)

• रक्षति (rakṣati) - he protects, defends, guards

• स (sa) - he, that

• जीवति (jīvati) - he lives, exists

Words meanings and morphology

कक्षघ्नः (kakṣaghnaḥ) - fire (destroyer of dry grass, fire (lit. grass-killer))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kakṣaghna

kakṣaghna - destroyer of dry grass, fire, burning up grass

Agent noun

Compound of kakṣa (dry grass, thicket) and ghna (killer, destroyer), derived from root han (to strike, kill)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (kakṣa+ghna)

• kakṣa – dry grass, thicket, forest
  noun (masculine)
• ghna – killer, destroyer, striking
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root han (to kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Subject (implied fire)

शिशिरघ्नः (śiśiraghnaḥ) - fire (destroyer of cold, dispeller of cold, fire (lit. cold-killer))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śiśiraghna

śiśiraghna - destroyer of cold, dispeller of cold, fire

Agent noun

Compound of śiśira (cold, winter) and ghna (killer, destroyer), derived from root han

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (śiśira+ghna)

• śiśira – cold, cool, winter
  noun (masculine)
• ghna – killer, destroyer, striking
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root han (to kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects kakṣaghnaḥ and śiśiraghnaḥ

महाकक्षे (mahākakṣe) - in a large thicket, in a great dry-grass land

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahākakṣa

mahākakṣa - large thicket, great dry-grass land, extensive jungle

Compound of mahā (great, large) and kakṣa (thicket, dry grass)

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (mahā+kakṣa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• kakṣa – dry grass, thicket, forest
  noun (masculine)

बिलौकसः (bilaukasaḥ) - animals in burrows (those living in holes, cave-dwellers, animals in burrows)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bilaukas

bilaukas - one dwelling in a hole, cave-dweller, animal living in a burrow

Compound of bila (hole, cave) and okas (dwelling, inhabitant)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (bila+okas)

• bila – hole, cave, burrow, cavity
  noun (neuter)
• okas – dwelling, house, home, inhabitant
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject (implied) for the burning effect

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

Note: Negates the verb dahet

दहेत् (dahet) - it should burn, it may burn

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of dah

Optative (vidhi-liṅ)

Root dah, 1st conjugation, optative, 3rd person singular active

Root: dah (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner (marks direct speech or thought)

(indeclinable)

Particle marking quotation or intention

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Emphasizes or adds to the preceding clause.

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - one's own self (oneself, his own self (ātman))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Object of rakṣati

यः (yaḥ) - who, which (relative pronoun)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Subject of rakṣati

रक्षति (rakṣati) - he protects, defends, guards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of rakṣ

Present Indicative (laṭ-lakāra)

Root rakṣ, 1st conjugation, 3rd person singular active

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Null subject (the person who protects)

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative/correlative pronoun)

Masculine nominative singular of tad

जीवति (jīvati) - he lives, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jīv

Present Indicative (laṭ-lakāra)

Root jīv, 1st conjugation, 3rd person singular active

Root: jīv (class 1)