महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-125, verse-15

क्षत्तः क्षुब्धार्णवनिभः किमेष सुमहास्वनः ।
सहसैवोत्थितो रङ्गे भिन्दन्निव नभस्तलम् ॥१५॥

15. kṣattaḥ kṣubdhārṇavanibhaḥ kimeṣa sumahāsvanaḥ ,
sahasaivotthito raṅge bhindanniva nabhastalam.

15. kṣattaḥ kṣubdha_arṇava_nibhaḥ kim eṣa su_mahā_svanaḥ
| sahasā eva utthitaḥ raṅge bhindan iva nabhas_talam

15. O Vidura, what is this very great sound, like an agitated ocean, that has suddenly arisen in the arena, as if splitting the very sky?

15. (ואמר) הו וִידוּרַה, מה הוא הרעש האדיר הזה, הדומה לים סוער, שקם פתאום בזירה כאילו הוא מבקיע את רקיע השמים?

Words meanings summery:

• क्षत्तः (kṣattaḥ) - Addressing Vidura (O charioteer, O Vidura)

• क्षुब्ध_अर्णव_निभः (kṣubdha_arṇava_nibhaḥ) - resembling an agitated ocean

• किम् (kim) - what? why?

• एष (eṣa) - this

• सु_महा_स्वनः (su_mahā_svanaḥ) - a very great sound

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, forcibly

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

• उत्थितः (utthitaḥ) - arisen, risen

• रङ्गे (raṅge) - in the arena

• भिन्दन् (bhindan) - splitting, tearing

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as

• नभस्_तलम् (nabhas_talam) - the surface of the sky, the firmament

Words meanings and morphology

क्षत्तः (kṣattaḥ) - Addressing Vidura (O charioteer, O Vidura)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kṣattṛ

kṣattṛ - charioteer, chamberlain, doorkeeper (often used for Vidura)

क्षुब्ध_अर्णव_निभः (kṣubdha_arṇava_nibhaḥ) - resembling an agitated ocean

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣubdhārṇavanibha

kṣubdhārṇavanibha - resembling an agitated ocean

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (kṣubdha+arṇava+nibha)

• kṣubdha – agitated, disturbed, stirred
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √kṣubh
  Root: kṣubh (class 1)
• arṇava – ocean, sea, flood
  noun (masculine)
• nibha – like, resembling, similar to
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with svanaḥ

किम् (kim) - what? why?

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of kim

kim - who? what? which?

Note: Interrogative pronoun

एष (eṣa) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Agrees with svanaḥ

सु_महा_स्वनः (su_mahā_svanaḥ) - a very great sound

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahāsvana

sumahāsvana - a very great sound, a mighty roar

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahā+svana)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• svana – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)
  from √svan
  Root: svan (class 1)

Note: Subject of the question

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, forcibly

(indeclinable)

instrumental case used as an adverb

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle

उत्थितः (utthitaḥ) - arisen, risen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of utthita

utthita - arisen, risen, standing up

Past Passive Participle

from ud-sthā

Prefix: ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with svanaḥ

रङ्गे (raṅge) - in the arena

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṅga

raṅga - arena, stage, theatre, field of action

भिन्दन् (bhindan) - splitting, tearing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhindat

bhindat - splitting, breaking, tearing

Present Active Participle

from √bhid, 7th class

Root: bhid (class 7)

Note: Agrees with svanaḥ (implicitly, referring to the sound as splitting)

इव (iva) - as if, like, as

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison

नभस्_तलम् (nabhas_talam) - the surface of the sky, the firmament

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nabhastala

nabhastala - sky, firmament, celestial region

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nabhas+tala)

• nabhas – sky, atmosphere, heaven
  noun (neuter)
• tala – surface, flat ground, level
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of bhindan (implicit)

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