महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-118, verse-24

तां प्रेक्ष्य पतितामार्तां पौरजानपदो जनः ।
रुरोद सस्वनं सर्वो राजभक्त्या कृपान्वितः ॥२४॥

24. tāṁ prekṣya patitāmārtāṁ paurajānapado janaḥ ,
ruroda sasvanaṁ sarvo rājabhaktyā kṛpānvitaḥ.

24. tāṃ prekṣya patitām ārtām paurajānapadaḥ janaḥ
ruroda sasvanaṃ sarvaḥ rājabhaktyā kṛpānvitaḥ

24. Seeing her fallen and distressed, all the people, both citizens and country folk, wept loudly, filled with compassion and out of their devotion (bhakti) to the king.

Words meanings summery:

• तां (tāṁ) - her, that (feminine)

• प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - having seen, after perceiving

• पतिताम् (patitām) - fallen, collapsed

• आर्ताम् (ārtām) - distressed, suffering, pained

• पौरजानपदः (paurajānapadaḥ) - citizens and country folk, people of the town and country

• जनः (janaḥ) - people, person

• रुरोद (ruroda) - wept, cried

• सस्वनं (sasvanaṁ) - with sound, loudly

• सर्वः (sarvaḥ) - all, whole

• राजभक्त्या (rājabhaktyā) - by devotion to the king, out of royal devotion

• कृपान्वितः (kṛpānvitaḥ) - filled with compassion, endowed with pity

Words meanings and morphology

तां (tāṁ) - her, that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, her

प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - having seen, after perceiving

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root īkṣ with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

पतिताम् (patitām) - fallen, collapsed

(participle)

Accusative, feminine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, descended, collapsed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root pat.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'tāṃ'.

आर्ताम् (ārtām) - distressed, suffering, pained

(participle)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ārta

ārta - distressed, afflicted, suffering, wounded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root ṛ (to go) with prefix ā, often implies suffering.

Prefix: ā

Root: ṛ (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'tāṃ'.

पौरजानपदः (paurajānapadaḥ) - citizens and country folk, people of the town and country

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paurajānapada

paurajānapada - citizens and country people

Compound type : dvandva (paura+jānapada)

• paura – citizen, townsman
  noun (masculine)
• jānapada – country folk, inhabitant of a country
  noun (masculine)

जनः (janaḥ) - people, person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jana

jana - man, person, people

Root: jan (class 4)

रुरोद (ruroda) - wept, cried

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of rud

Reduplicated Perfect (Lit)

Root: rud (class 2)

सस्वनं (sasvanaṁ) - with sound, loudly

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sasvana

sasvana - with a sound, noisy, loud

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+svana)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• svana – sound, noise, voice
  noun (masculine)
  Root: svan (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially.

सर्वः (sarvaḥ) - all, whole

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Modifies 'janaḥ'.

राजभक्त्या (rājabhaktyā) - by devotion to the king, out of royal devotion

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of rājabhakti

rājabhakti - devotion to the king, loyalty to the sovereign

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+bhakti)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• bhakti – devotion, attachment, loyalty, worship
  noun (feminine)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

कृपान्वितः (kṛpānvitaḥ) - filled with compassion, endowed with pity

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛpānvita

kṛpānvita - endowed with compassion, filled with pity

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṛpā+anvita)

• kṛpā – compassion, pity, mercy
  noun (feminine)
• anvita – accompanied by, connected with, endowed with
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root i with prefix anu.
  Prefix: anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'janaḥ'.