योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-36, verse-23

निरिच्छत्वं समाधानमाहुरागमभूषणाः ।
यथा शाम्येन्मनोऽनिच्छं नोपदेशशतैस्तथा ॥ २३ ॥

niricchatvaṃ samādhānamāhurāgamabhūṣaṇāḥ ,
yathā śāmyenmano'nicchaṃ nopadeśaśataistathā 23

23. niricchatvam samādhānam āhuḥ āgamabhūṣaṇāḥ | yathā
śāmyet manaḥ aniccham na upadeśaśataiḥ tathā ||

23. āgamabhūṣaṇāḥ niricchatvam samādhānam āhuḥ yathā
manaḥ aniccham śāmyet tathā upadeśaśataiḥ na

23. Those who are adorned with sacred texts (āgamabhūṣaṇāḥ) declare desirelessness (niricchatvam) to be true mental tranquility (samādhānam). For just as the mind becomes calm when it is free from desire, it does not become so through hundreds of instructions.

Words meanings summery:

• निरिच्छत्वम् (niricchatvam) - desirelessness, freedom from desire

• समाधानम् (samādhānam) - perfect composure, mental tranquility, concentration, absorption

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

• आगमभूषणाः (āgamabhūṣaṇāḥ) - those adorned with sacred texts, scholars of scriptures

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as

• शाम्येत् (śāmyet) - may become calm, should be pacified

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind

• अनिच्छम् (aniccham) - not desiring, free from desire, unwilling

• न (na) - not, nor

• उपदेशशतैः (upadeśaśataiḥ) - by hundreds of instructions

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that way

Words meanings and morphology

निरिच्छत्वम् (niricchatvam) - desirelessness, freedom from desire

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of niricchatva

niricchatva - desirelessness, freedom from desire

Derived from nir- (without) + icchā (desire) + -tva (suffix for abstract noun).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nis+icchā+tva)

• nis – without, out, free from
  indeclinable
• icchā – desire, wish
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root iṣ (to wish).
  Root: iṣ (class 6)
• tva – suffix for abstract nouns, -ness, -hood
  indeclinable (neuter)

Note: Direct object of 'āhuḥ'.

समाधानम् (samādhānam) - perfect composure, mental tranquility, concentration, absorption

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of samādhāna

samādhāna - perfect composure, mental tranquility, concentration, absorption, fixing the mind

Derived from sam-ā-dhā (to fix, compose).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Acts as a complement to 'niricchatvam', both being objects of 'āhuḥ'.

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vac

Irregular third plural present active from root vac (to speak), often replaced by brū.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: The root is typically 'brū' for 'to say' in present forms like 'bravīti', 'bruvate', 'bruvanti'. However, 'āhuḥ' is a common irregular form used as the 3rd plural of 'vac' or 'brū'.

आगमभूषणाः (āgamabhūṣaṇāḥ) - those adorned with sacred texts, scholars of scriptures

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āgamabhūṣaṇa

āgamabhūṣaṇa - adorned with sacred texts, knowledgeable in scriptures

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (āgama+bhūṣaṇa)

• āgama – sacred text, tradition, scripture
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)
• bhūṣaṇa – ornament, embellishment
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root bhūṣ (to adorn).
  Root: bhūṣ (class 10)

Note: Subject of 'āhuḥ'.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a comparative clause.

शाम्येत् (śāmyet) - may become calm, should be pacified

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of śam

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Optative mood, indicating possibility or recommendation.

मनः (manaḥ) - mind

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought, conscience

Note: Subject of 'śāmyet'.

अनिच्छम् (aniccham) - not desiring, free from desire, unwilling

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anicchat

anicchat - not desiring, free from desire, unwilling

Present Active Participle (negative)

From a- (negation) + icchat (present participle of iṣ).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+icchat)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• icchat – desiring, wishing
  participle
  Present Active Participle
  From root iṣ (to wish, desire).
  Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Adjective modifying 'manaḥ'.

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb (implied 'śāmyet').

उपदेशशतैः (upadeśaśataiḥ) - by hundreds of instructions

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of upadeśaśata

upadeśaśata - hundreds of instructions

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (upadeśa+śata)

• upadeśa – instruction, advice, teaching
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: diś (class 6)
• śata – hundred
  noun (neuter)

Note: Instrument by which something is done or not done.

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that way

(indeclinable)

Note: Corresponds to 'yathā', completing the comparison.

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