योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-36, verse-12

पदमाहुः परं सद्यदनिच्छोदयमासितम् ।
पाषाणपुरुषस्येव चित्रस्थस्येव चासनम् ॥ १२ ॥

padamāhuḥ paraṃ sadyadanicchodayamāsitam ,
pāṣāṇapuruṣasyeva citrasthasyeva cāsanam 12

12. padam āhuḥ param sat yat anicchodayam āsitam
pāṣāṇa-puruṣasya iva citra-sthasya iva ca āsanam

12. yat anicchodayam āsitam pāṣāṇa-puruṣasya iva
citra-sthasya iva ca āsanam param sat padam āhuḥ

12. They declare that supreme state (padam) to be pure existence (sat), which remains without the arising of any desire, just like the sitting posture of a stone figure (puruṣa) or a figure depicted in a painting.

Words meanings summery:

• पदम् (padam) - supreme state (padam) (state, condition, position, abode, ultimate goal)

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

• परम् (param) - supreme, highest, ultimate

• सत् (sat) - pure existence (sat) (being, existent, reality, truth)

• यत् (yat) - which, that which

• अनिच्छोदयम् (anicchodayam) - without the rise of desire

• आसितम् (āsitam) - remained, stayed, sat, rested

• पाषाण-पुरुषस्य (pāṣāṇa-puruṣasya) - of a stone figure/man

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• चित्र-स्थस्य (citra-sthasya) - of one standing/fixed in a painting

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• च (ca) - and, also, or

• आसनम् (āsanam) - sitting, seat, posture

Words meanings and morphology

पदम् (padam) - supreme state (padam) (state, condition, position, abode, ultimate goal)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pada

pada - step, foot, place, state, condition, abode, word

Note: Object of āhuḥ.

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect indicative (liṭ) of ah

Perfect Active Indicative (irregular)

Root ah, third person plural perfect (or present equivalent)

Root: ah (class 2)

Note: Archaic verb form used in present sense.

परम् (param) - supreme, highest, ultimate

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, subsequent, superior, supreme, ultimate

Note: Adjective modifying padam.

सत् (sat) - pure existence (sat) (being, existent, reality, truth)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of sat

sat - being, existent, real, good, true; reality, truth

Present Active Participle

From root as (to be) + śatṛ (present active participle suffix)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Here used as a noun, 'pure existence', or as an adjective qualifying 'padam'.

यत् (yat) - which, that which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that which, whoever

Note: Relative pronoun referring to padam.

अनिच्छोदयम् (anicchodayam) - without the rise of desire

(adjective)

neuter, singular of anicchodaya

anicchodaya - absence of the rise of desire

Compound type : bahuvrīhi/tatpuruṣa (an+icchā+udaya)

• an – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• icchā – desire, wish
  noun (feminine)
  Verbal derivative
  From root iṣ (to wish/desire) + ā (suffix)
  Root: iṣ (class 6)
• udaya – rise, ascent, appearance
  noun (masculine)
  From ud-i (to rise)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Adjective describing yat.

आसितम् (āsitam) - remained, stayed, sat, rested

(adjective)

neuter, singular of āsita

āsita - seated, sitting, rested, remained

Past Passive Participle

From root ās (to sit, be, exist) + kta (passive participle suffix)

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Participle acting as a predicate for yat.

पाषाण-पुरुषस्य (pāṣāṇa-puruṣasya) - of a stone figure/man

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pāṣāṇa-puruṣa

pāṣāṇa-puruṣa - stone man, stone figure, statue

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (pāṣāṇa+puruṣa)

• pāṣāṇa – stone, rock
  noun (masculine)
• puruṣa – man, person, male, cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive, used in comparison.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

चित्र-स्थस्य (citra-sthasya) - of one standing/fixed in a painting

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of citra-stha

citra-stha - standing in a painting, depicted in a picture

Compound type : saptamī-tatpuruṣa (citra+stha)

• citra – picture, painting, drawing
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, staying, situated in
  adjective (masculine)
  Agentive suffix
  From root sthā (to stand) + ḍa (suffix)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Adjective in genitive, referring to an implied 'person'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

च (ca) - and, also, or

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

आसनम् (āsanam) - sitting, seat, posture

(noun)

neuter, singular of āsana

āsana - sitting, seat, posture, manner of sitting

Verbal Noun

From root ās (to sit) + ana (suffix for verbal noun)

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Acts as the subject of the simile.

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