योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-206, verse-12

कः कर्ता कोऽथ वा द्रष्टा काधाराधेयता कथम् ।
न कदाचिन्महानाशो जगतामिति निश्चयः ॥ १२ ॥

kaḥ kartā ko'tha vā draṣṭā kādhārādheyatā katham ,
na kadācinmahānāśo jagatāmiti niścayaḥ 12

12. kaḥ kartā kaḥ atha vā draṣṭā kā ādhārādheyatā
katham na kadācit mahānāśaḥ jagatām iti niścayaḥ

12. kaḥ kartā atha vā kaḥ draṣṭā ādhārādheyatā kā
katham jagatām mahānāśaḥ kadācit na iti niścayaḥ

12. Who is the doer? Or who is the observer? How does the relationship of container and contained (ādhāra-ādheya) function? It is certain that there is never a complete annihilation of the worlds.

Words meanings summery:

• कः (kaḥ) - who?

• कर्ता (kartā) - doer, agent

• कः (kaḥ) - who?

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• वा (vā) - or, alternatively

• द्रष्टा (draṣṭā) - seer, observer

• का (kā) - what (feminine)?

• आधाराधेयता (ādhārādheyatā) - the state of being a container and contained (relation of support and supported)

• कथम् (katham) - how?

• न (na) - not

• कदाचित् (kadācit) - never (ever, at any time (with `na` becomes never))

• महानाशः (mahānāśaḥ) - great destruction, complete annihilation

• जगताम् (jagatām) - of the worlds, of the universes

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner (introduces direct speech or conclusion)

• निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) - certainty, determination, firm conclusion

Words meanings and morphology

कः (kaḥ) - who?

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ka

ka - who, which, what

कर्ता (kartā) - doer, agent

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kartṛ

kartṛ - doer, maker, agent

agent noun

from root kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कः (kaḥ) - who?

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ka

ka - who, which, what

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or, alternatively

(indeclinable)

द्रष्टा (draṣṭā) - seer, observer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of draṣṭṛ

draṣṭṛ - seer, observer

agent noun

from root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

का (kā) - what (feminine)?

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kā

kā - who, which, what

Note: Agrees with feminine `ādhārādheyatā`.

आधाराधेयता (ādhārādheyatā) - the state of being a container and contained (relation of support and supported)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ādhārādheyatā

ādhārādheyatā - state of being container and contained

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (ādhāra+ādheya+tā)

• ādhāra – support, container, substratum
  noun (masculine)
  from ā-dhṛ
  Prefix: ā
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ādheya – that which is to be contained/supported, the contained
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  from ā-dhā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• tā – state of being, -ness
  suffix (feminine)
  feminine abstract noun suffix

कथम् (katham) - how?

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

कदाचित् (kadācit) - never (ever, at any time (with `na` becomes never))

(indeclinable)

from interrogative particle kadā + cit

महानाशः (mahānāśaḥ) - great destruction, complete annihilation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahānāśa

mahānāśa - great destruction

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+nāśa)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
  feminine stem of mahat
• nāśa – destruction, ruin, loss
  noun (masculine)
  from root naś (to perish, destroy)
  Root: naś (class 4)

जगताम् (jagatām) - of the worlds, of the universes

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of jagat

jagat - world, universe, moving

Present Active Participle

from root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Plural genitive, referring to 'of the worlds'.

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner (introduces direct speech or conclusion)

(indeclinable)

निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) - certainty, determination, firm conclusion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niścaya

niścaya - certainty, determination, decision

from ni-ci

Prefix: nis

Root: ci (class 5)