योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-156, verse-12

महता तेन युद्धेन हनिष्यसि विदूरथम् ।
करवाललतालूनजङ्घं त्वं विरथोऽपि सन् ॥ १२ ॥

mahatā tena yuddhena haniṣyasi vidūratham ,
karavālalatālūnajaṅghaṃ tvaṃ viratho'pi san 12

12. mahatā tena yuddhena haniṣyasi vidūraratham
karavālalatālūnajaṅgham tvam virathaḥ api san

12. tvam virathaḥ api san mahatā tena yuddhena
karavālalatālūnajaṅgham vidūraratham haniṣyasi

12. In that great battle, you will slay Vidūratha, whose leg will be severed by the blade of your sword (karavāla), even while you yourself are without a chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• महता (mahatā) - by that great (by great, by mighty)

• तेन (tena) - by that (battle) (by that, with that)

• युद्धेन (yuddhena) - in that great battle (by battle, by fighting)

• हनिष्यसि (haniṣyasi) - you will slay (you will kill, you will strike)

• विदूररथम् (vidūraratham) - Vidūratha

• करवाललतालूनजङ्घम् (karavālalatālūnajaṅgham) - whose leg is severed by the blade of your sword (whose leg is severed by a sword-creeper)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (the interlocutor) (you)

• विरथः (virathaḥ) - without a chariot (chariotless, without a chariot)

• अपि (api) - even though (also, even, although)

• सन् (san) - being (being, existing)

Words meanings and morphology

महता (mahatā) - by that great (by great, by mighty)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Present Active Participle

Instrumental singular form of `mahat`, agreeing with `yuddhena`.

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `yuddhena`.

तेन (tena) - by that (battle) (by that, with that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Masculine/neuter instrumental singular of `tad`.

Note: Agrees with `yuddhena`.

युद्धेन (yuddhena) - in that great battle (by battle, by fighting)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle

Instrumental singular of `yuddha` (neuter). Derived from root `yudh` (to fight) + `kta` (ppa).

Root: yudh (class 4)

हनिष्यसि (haniṣyasi) - you will slay (you will kill, you will strike)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of han

Future tense

Second person singular future active verb form of the root `han`.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: The subject is `tvam`.

विदूररथम् (vidūraratham) - Vidūratha

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vidūraratha

vidūraratha - Vidūratha (proper name)

Accusative singular of the masculine proper noun `Vidūraratha`.

Note: Object of `haniṣyasi`.

करवाललतालूनजङ्घम् (karavālalatālūnajaṅgham) - whose leg is severed by the blade of your sword (whose leg is severed by a sword-creeper)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karavālalatālūnajaṅgha

karavālalatālūnajaṅgha - having legs cut by a sword-creeper

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (karavāla+latā+lūna+jaṅgha)

• karavāla – sword, scimitar
  noun (masculine)
• latā – creeper, vine, slender branch (metaphorical for a blade)
  noun (feminine)
• lūna – cut, severed, reaped
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `lū` (to cut) + `kta` (ppa). `karavālalatālūna` is a Tatpuruṣa compound meaning 'cut by the sword-creeper'.
  Root: lū (class 9)
• jaṅgha – leg, shank
  noun (feminine)

Note: Accusative singular, agrees with `Vidūraratham`.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (the interlocutor) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Nominative singular of `yuṣmad`.

Note: Subject of `haniṣyasi`.

विरथः (virathaḥ) - without a chariot (chariotless, without a chariot)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viratha

viratha - chariotless, deprived of a chariot

Compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+ratha)

• vi – without, apart, dis-
  indeclinable
  Prefix meaning 'without', 'apart', 'different'.
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rath (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `tvam`.

अपि (api) - even though (also, even, although)

(indeclinable)

सन् (san) - being (being, existing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, real

Present Active Participle

Nominative singular masculine of `sat`, the present active participle of root `as` (to be).

Root: as (class 2)