योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-112, verse-31

पतिता दर्दुरारण्ये दशार्णा जीर्णपर्णवत् ।
भुक्त्वा विषफलान्यज्ञा मृतास्तत्रैव ते स्वयम् ॥ ३१ ॥

patitā dardurāraṇye daśārṇā jīrṇaparṇavat ,
bhuktvā viṣaphalānyajñā mṛtāstatraiva te svayam 31

31. patitāḥ dardurāraṇye daśārṇāḥ jīrṇaparṇavat
bhuktvā viṣaphalāni ajñāḥ mṛtāḥ tatra eva te svayam

31. daśārṇāḥ dardurāraṇye jīrṇaparṇavat patitāḥ ajñāḥ
viṣaphalāni bhuktvā te tatra eva svayam mṛtāḥ

31. The Daśārṇas fell into the Dardura forest like withered leaves. Being ignorant, they ate poisonous fruits and died there themselves.

Words meanings summery:

• पतिताः (patitāḥ) - fell (fallen, descended)

• दर्दुरारण्ये (dardurāraṇye) - in the Dardura forest

• दशार्णाः (daśārṇāḥ) - the Daśārṇas (people from the Daśārṇa country) (the people of Daśārṇa (a country))

• जीर्णपर्णवत् (jīrṇaparṇavat) - like withered leaves (like withered leaves, like old leaves)

• भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having eaten (having eaten, having enjoyed)

• विषफलानि (viṣaphalāni) - poisonous fruits

• अज्ञाः (ajñāḥ) - ignorant (ignorant, foolish, unknowing)

• मृताः (mṛtāḥ) - died (dead, deceased)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

• एव (eva) - right (there) (only, just, indeed, precisely)

• ते (te) - they (referring to the Daśārṇas) (they, those)

• स्वयम् (svayam) - themselves (oneself, by oneself, spontaneously)

Words meanings and morphology

पतिताः (patitāḥ) - fell (fallen, descended)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of patita

patita - fallen, descended, alighted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pat (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Modifies daśārṇāḥ.

दर्दुरारण्ये (dardurāraṇye) - in the Dardura forest

(proper noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dardurāraṇya

dardurāraṇya - Dardura forest (a specific forest)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dardura+araṇya)

• dardura – a mountain range (Dardura)
  proper noun (masculine)
• araṇya – forest, wilderness
  noun (neuter)

दशार्णाः (daśārṇāḥ) - the Daśārṇas (people from the Daśārṇa country) (the people of Daśārṇa (a country))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of daśārṇa

daśārṇa - the country of Daśārṇa; its inhabitants

Note: Subject of the sentence.

जीर्णपर्णवत् (jīrṇaparṇavat) - like withered leaves (like withered leaves, like old leaves)

(indeclinable)

Formed from jīrṇaparṇa (old leaf) and suffix -vat (like).

Compound type : tatpurusha (jīrṇa+parṇa)

• jīrṇa – withered, old, decayed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root jṝ (to wear out, decay).
  Root: jṝ (class 9)
• parṇa – leaf, feather
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adverbial comparison.

भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having eaten (having eaten, having enjoyed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root bhuj (to eat, enjoy) with suffix ktvā.

Root: bhuj (class 7)

विषफलानि (viṣaphalāni) - poisonous fruits

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of viṣaphala

viṣaphala - poisonous fruit

Compound type : tatpurusha (viṣa+phala)

• viṣa – poison, venom
  noun (neuter)
• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of bhuktvā.

अज्ञाः (ajñāḥ) - ignorant (ignorant, foolish, unknowing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ajña

ajña - ignorant, foolish, unknowing, stupid

na jña (not knowing).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jña)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• jña – knowing, wise; one who knows
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root jñā (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Modifies te (the Daśārṇas).

मृताः (mṛtāḥ) - died (dead, deceased)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased, expired

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root mṛ (to die).

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Predicate adjective for te.

तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

From tad (that) + -tra (location suffix).

एव (eva) - right (there) (only, just, indeed, precisely)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - they (referring to the Daśārṇas) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Subject.

स्वयम् (svayam) - themselves (oneself, by oneself, spontaneously)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of sva.

Note: Emphasizes te.