योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-29, verse-8

यदा दामादयो जाता अहंकारात्मवासनाः ।
तदा मे जीवितं मेऽर्थ इति दैन्यमुपागताः ॥ ८ ॥

yadā dāmādayo jātā ahaṃkārātmavāsanāḥ ,
tadā me jīvitaṃ me'rtha iti dainyamupāgatāḥ 8

8. yadā dāmādayaḥ jātāḥ ahaṅkārātmavāsanāḥ tadā
me jīvitam me arthaḥ iti dainyam upāgatāḥ

8. yadā dāmādayaḥ ahaṅkārātmavāsanāḥ jātāḥ tadā
me jīvitam me arthaḥ iti dainyam upāgatāḥ

8. When egoistic tendencies (ahaṅkārātmavāsanā) arise, manifesting as attachment to 'wealth (dāma) and the like,' then (people) succumb to misery, thinking 'this is my life, this is my purpose (artha).'

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

• दामादयः (dāmādayaḥ) - wealth and so on, possessions and the like

• जाताः (jātāḥ) - born, arisen, produced

• अहङ्कारात्मवासनाः (ahaṅkārātmavāsanāḥ) - Latent tendencies/desires rooted in the identification with the ego (ahaṅkāra) and the individual self (ātman) as distinct from the universal Self. (egoistic self-impressions, latent tendencies related to ego (ahaṅkāra) and self (ātman))

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• मे (me) - my, to me, for me

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, livelihood

• मे (me) - my, to me, for me

• अर्थः (arthaḥ) - In the context of 'my life, my purpose/wealth'. (purpose, meaning, wealth, object, goal)

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, as (indicating quotation or reason)

• दैन्यम् (dainyam) - misery, wretchedness, poverty, humility

• उपागताः (upāgatāḥ) - approached, attained, reached

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

(indeclinable)

From yad (pronoun) + dā (suffix forming adverbs of time).

दामादयः (dāmādayaḥ) - wealth and so on, possessions and the like

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dāmādi

dāmādi - wealth (dāma) and so on, beginning with wealth

Compound type : Dvigu (dāma+ādi)

• dāma – rope, garland, wealth, possession
  noun (masculine)
• ādi – beginning, source, and so on, etc.
  noun (masculine)

जाताः (jātāḥ) - born, arisen, produced

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jāta

jāta - born, produced, become, happened

Past Passive Participle

PPP of root jan (to be born).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'ahaṅkārātmavāsanāḥ' and 'dāmādayaḥ'.

अहङ्कारात्मवासनाः (ahaṅkārātmavāsanāḥ) - Latent tendencies/desires rooted in the identification with the ego (ahaṅkāra) and the individual self (ātman) as distinct from the universal Self. (egoistic self-impressions, latent tendencies related to ego (ahaṅkāra) and self (ātman))

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of ahaṅkārātmavāsanā

ahaṅkārātmavāsanā - impressions (vāsanā) of the self (ātman) rooted in ego (ahaṅkāra); egoistic self-impressions

Compound.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (ahaṅkāra+ātman+vāsanā)

• ahaṅkāra – ego, false identification of self with body/mind
  noun (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, individual self, supreme spirit (Brahman)
  noun (masculine)
• vāsanā – impression, latent tendency, desire
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root vas- 'to dwell, to perfume'.
  Root: vas (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

From tad (pronoun) + dā (suffix forming adverbs of time).

मे (me) - my, to me, for me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Pronominal stem for 1st person.

Note: Here used in the genitive sense 'my'.

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, livelihood

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, livelihood, living

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

PPP of root jīv (to live), used as a neuter noun.

Root: jīv (class 1)

मे (me) - my, to me, for me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Pronominal stem for 1st person.

Note: Here used in the genitive sense 'my'.

अर्थः (arthaḥ) - In the context of 'my life, my purpose/wealth'. (purpose, meaning, wealth, object, goal)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - meaning, purpose, object, goal, wealth, advantage

Root: ṛ (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, as (indicating quotation or reason)

(indeclinable)

particle

दैन्यम् (dainyam) - misery, wretchedness, poverty, humility

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dainya

dainya - wretchedness, misery, poverty, humility, dejection

Derived from dīna (poor, miserable) with suffix yaT.

Note: Object of 'upāgatāḥ'.

उपागताः (upāgatāḥ) - approached, attained, reached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of upāgata

upāgata - approached, attained, gone near, arrived

Past Passive Participle

PPP of root gam with prefixes upa and ā.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: It functions as a predicate, meaning 'they became wretched' or 'they approached wretchedness'.