योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-31, verse-31

ये हि राज्ञामराज्ञां वाप्ययथाशास्त्रकारिणाम् ।
रणे म्रियन्ते छिन्नाङ्गास्ते वै निरयगामिनः ॥ ३१ ॥

ye hi rājñāmarājñāṃ vāpyayathāśāstrakāriṇām ,
raṇe mriyante chinnāṅgāste vai nirayagāminaḥ 31

31. ye hi rājñām arājñām vā api ayathā-śāstra-kāriṇām
raṇe mriyante chinna-aṅgāḥ te vai niraya-gāminaḥ

31. ye hi ayathā-śāstra-kāriṇām rājñām arājñām vā api raṇe chinna-aṅgāḥ mriyante,
te vai niraya-gāminaḥ (bhavanti).

31. Indeed, those whose limbs are severed and who die in battle while serving kings (rājā) or even non-kings who act contrary to the scriptures (śāstra), they truly go to hell.

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - those who (who, which (plural))

• हि (hi) - indeed, truly (emphatic) (indeed, for, because)

• राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - serving kings (of kings, pertaining to kings)

• अराज्ञाम् (arājñām) - serving non-kings (of non-kings)

• वा (vā) - or, either

• अपि (api) - even (emphasizing the preceding term) (also, even, moreover)

• अयथा-शास्त्र-कारिणाम् (ayathā-śāstra-kāriṇām) - of those who act contrary to the scriptures/rules

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the fight

• म्रियन्ते (mriyante) - they die

• छिन्न-अङ्गाः (chinna-aṅgāḥ) - with severed limbs, whose limbs are cut

• ते (te) - they, those

• वै (vai) - indeed, truly, certainly

• निरय-गामिनः (niraya-gāminaḥ) - those who go to hell, hell-goers

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - those who (who, which (plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

हि (hi) - indeed, truly (emphatic) (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

emphatic particle

राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - serving kings (of kings, pertaining to kings)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, monarch

अराज्ञाम् (arājñām) - serving non-kings (of non-kings)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of arājan

arājan - non-king, one who is not a ruler

`nañ-tatpuruṣa` compound

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+rājan)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  negating prefix
• rājan – king, ruler, monarch
  noun (masculine)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even (emphasizing the preceding term) (also, even, moreover)

(indeclinable)

अयथा-शास्त्र-कारिणाम् (ayathā-śāstra-kāriṇām) - of those who act contrary to the scriptures/rules

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ayathā-śāstra-kārin

ayathā-śāstra-kārin - acting contrary to the scriptures/rules

compound of `a-yathā` (not as), `śāstra` (scripture), `kārin` (doer)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+yathā+śāstra+kārin)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  negating prefix
• yathā – as, according to, just as
  indeclinable
• śāstra – scripture, sacred text, rule, teaching
  noun (neuter)
  from root `śās` (to teach, rule)
  Root: śās (class 2)
• kārin – doer, maker, performing
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from root `kṛ` + `in` suffix
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies `rājñām` and `arājñām`

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the fight

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, fight, war

from root `raṇ` (to sound, rejoice, delight in; also conflict)

Root: raṇ (class 1)

म्रियन्ते (mriyante) - they die

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of mṛ

Present Tense

3rd person plural middle present of root `mṛ` (Class 4 verb, `mriyate`)

Root: mṛ (class 4)

छिन्न-अङ्गाः (chinna-aṅgāḥ) - with severed limbs, whose limbs are cut

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of chinna-aṅga

chinna-aṅga - having severed limbs

`bahuvrīhi` compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (chinna+aṅga)

• chinna – severed, cut, broken
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root `chid` + `kta` (na) suffix
  Root: chid (class 7)
• aṅga – limb, body part
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies `ye`

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlative to `ye`

वै (vai) - indeed, truly, certainly

(indeclinable)

emphatic particle

निरय-गामिनः (niraya-gāminaḥ) - those who go to hell, hell-goers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niraya-gāmin

niraya-gāmin - going to hell, hell-bound

compound of `niraya` (hell) and `gāmin` (going, moving)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (niraya+gāmin)

• niraya – hell, underworld, abode of punishment
  noun (masculine)
  from `nir-i` (to go out, sink down)
  Prefix: nir
  Root: i (class 2)
• gāmin – going, moving, leading to
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from root `gam` + `in` suffix
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Null copula 'are' implied.

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