योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-16, verse-8

अपि कष्टतरां प्राप्तैर्दशां विवशतां गतैः ।
मनागपि न संत्याज्या मानवैः साधुसंगतिः ॥ ८ ॥

api kaṣṭatarāṃ prāptairdaśāṃ vivaśatāṃ gataiḥ ,
manāgapi na saṃtyājyā mānavaiḥ sādhusaṃgatiḥ 8

8. api kaṣṭatarām prāptaiḥ daśām vivaśatām gataiḥ
manāk api na saṃtyājyā mānavaiḥ sādhu-saṅgatiḥ

8. mānavaiḥ api kaṣṭatarām daśām vivaśatām prāptaiḥ
gataiḥ api manāk sādhu-saṅgatiḥ na saṃtyājyā

8. Even when humans have reached a most difficult and helpless state, the company of virtuous people should not be abandoned even slightly.

Words meanings summery:

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• कष्टतराम् (kaṣṭatarām) - most difficult (more difficult, most difficult, more painful)

• प्राप्तैः (prāptaiḥ) - by those who have attained, by those who have reached

• दशाम् (daśām) - state, condition, phase

• विवशताम् (vivaśatām) - helplessness, powerlessness, dependency

• गतैः (gataiḥ) - by those who have gone, by those who have reached, by those who have fallen into

• मनाक् (manāk) - even slightly (a little, slightly, a bit)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• न (na) - not, no

• संत्याज्या (saṁtyājyā) - should not be abandoned (to be abandoned, to be given up, relinquishable)

• मानवैः (mānavaiḥ) - by humans, by men

• साधु-सङ्गतिः (sādhu-saṅgatiḥ) - the company of virtuous people, association with good people

Words meanings and morphology

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

कष्टतराम् (kaṣṭatarām) - most difficult (more difficult, most difficult, more painful)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kaṣṭatara

kaṣṭatara - more difficult, more painful, more troubled

Comparative degree of 'kaṣṭa' (difficult, painful) with the suffix 'tara'.

Note: Modifies 'daśām'.

प्राप्तैः (prāptaiḥ) - by those who have attained, by those who have reached

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of prāpta

prāpta - attained, reached, obtained, happened

Past Passive Participle

From root 'āp' (to obtain) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'mānavaiḥ'.

दशाम् (daśām) - state, condition, phase

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of daśā

daśā - state, condition, situation, phase of life, period

Note: Direct object of 'prāptaiḥ' and 'gataiḥ'.

विवशताम् (vivaśatām) - helplessness, powerlessness, dependency

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vivaśatā

vivaśatā - helplessness, powerlessness, dependency, lack of self-control

From 'vivaśa' (helpless, dependent) with the suffix 'tā'.

Note: Direct object of 'prāptaiḥ' and 'gataiḥ', describes the nature of the 'daśām'.

गतैः (gataiḥ) - by those who have gone, by those who have reached, by those who have fallen into

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, reached, obtained, fallen into, become

Past Passive Participle

From root 'gam' (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'mānavaiḥ'.

मनाक् (manāk) - even slightly (a little, slightly, a bit)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'saṃtyājyā'.

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle, here emphasizing 'manāk'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negative particle for the verb 'saṃtyājyā'.

संत्याज्या (saṁtyājyā) - should not be abandoned (to be abandoned, to be given up, relinquishable)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saṃtyājya

saṁtyājya - to be abandoned, to be given up, relinquishable

Gerundive (Passive Future Participle)

From root 'tyaj' (to abandon) with prefix 'sam' and suffix 'ya' (nyaT), indicating fitness or obligation.

Prefix: sam

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective, implies the verb 'to be'.

मानवैः (mānavaiḥ) - by humans, by men

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mānava

mānava - human, man, descendant of Manu

From 'manu' (man) with suffix 'aṇ'.

Root: man

Note: Agent of the passive construction (implied verb with gerundive 'saṃtyājyā').

साधु-सङ्गतिः (sādhu-saṅgatiḥ) - the company of virtuous people, association with good people

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sādhu-saṅgati

sādhu-saṅgati - company of good/virtuous people, association with saints

Compound type : tatpurusha (sādhu+saṅgati)

• sādhu – good, virtuous, righteous, holy man, sage
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'sādh' (to accomplish, succeed).
  Root: sādh (class 5)
• saṅgati – meeting, association, coming together, company
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'gam' (to go) with prefix 'sam' and suffix 'ti'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implied passive construction with 'saṃtyājyā'.