योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-16, verse-16

ते एते नरकाग्नीनां संशुष्केन्धनतां गताः ।
यैर्दृष्टा हेलया सन्तो नरकानलवारिदाः ॥ १६ ॥

te ete narakāgnīnāṃ saṃśuṣkendhanatāṃ gatāḥ ,
yairdṛṣṭā helayā santo narakānalavāridāḥ 16

16. te ete narakāgnīnām saṃśuṣkendhanatām gatāḥ
yaiḥ dṛṣṭā helayā santaḥ narakānalavāridāḥ

16. yaiḥ santaḥ narakānalavāridāḥ helayā dṛṣṭāḥ,
te ete narakāgnīnām saṃśuṣkendhanatām gatāḥ.

16. Those who contemptuously regarded good people (santa), who are like clouds that quench the fires of hell, have themselves become utterly dry fuel for the fires of hell.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - Those who scorned the virtuous. (they, those)

• एते (ete) - Those very people. (these, these very ones)

• नरकाग्नीनाम् (narakāgnīnām) - of the fires of hell

• संशुष्केन्धनताम् (saṁśuṣkendhanatām) - the state of being completely dry fuel

• गताः (gatāḥ) - have become (gone, attained, become)

• यैः (yaiḥ) - By those people. (by whom, by which)

• दृष्टा (dṛṣṭā) - regarded with contempt (seen, regarded)

• हेलया (helayā) - with contempt, scornfully (scornfully, contemptuously, carelessly, playfully)

• सन्तः (santaḥ) - good people, virtuous people, sages, saints

• नरकानलवारिदाः (narakānalavāridāḥ) - clouds that quench the fires of hell

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - Those who scorned the virtuous. (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the people described in the `yaiḥ` clause.

एते (ete) - Those very people. (these, these very ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Emphatic, 'these very ones'.

नरकाग्नीनाम् (narakāgnīnām) - of the fires of hell

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of narakāgni

narakāgni - the fire of hell

Tatpuruṣa compound: `naraka` (hell) + `agni` (fire).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (naraka+agni)

• naraka – hell, infernal region
  noun (masculine)
• agni – fire
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ag

Note: Possessive, describing the fuel.

संशुष्केन्धनताम् (saṁśuṣkendhanatām) - the state of being completely dry fuel

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of saṃśuṣkendhanatā

saṁśuṣkendhanatā - the state of being completely dry fuel

Compound of `saṃśuṣka` (completely dry) + `indhana` (fuel) + `tā` (abstract noun suffix).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (saṃśuṣka+indhana+tā)

• saṃśuṣka – completely dry, parched
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  `sam` + `śuṣ` (to dry) + `kta` (suffix for PPP).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śuṣ (class 4)
• indhana – fuel, firewood
  noun (neuter)
  Root `idh` (to kindle) + `ana` (suffix).
  Root: idh (class 7)
• tā – state of being, -ness
  suffix (feminine)
  Abstract noun forming suffix.

Note: Object of becoming, indicating the state achieved.

गताः (gatāḥ) - have become (gone, attained, become)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, reached, attained, become

Past Passive Participle

Root `gam` (to go) + `kta` (suffix for PPP).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Verb for `te ete`.

यैः (yaiḥ) - By those people. (by whom, by which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, that

Note: Agent of the passive participle `dṛṣṭā`.

दृष्टा (dṛṣṭā) - regarded with contempt (seen, regarded)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, beheld, perceived, regarded

Past Passive Participle

Root `dṛś` (to see) + `kta` (suffix for PPP).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Passive predicate for `santaḥ`.

हेलया (helayā) - with contempt, scornfully (scornfully, contemptuously, carelessly, playfully)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of helā

helā - scorn, contempt, disregard, playfulness, indifference

Note: Describes the manner of seeing.

सन्तः (santaḥ) - good people, virtuous people, sages, saints

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sat

sat - good, virtuous, existent, real, good person, sage

Present Active Participle

Root `as` (to be) + `śatṛ` (suffix for PAP).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: The object of the contempt.

नरकानलवारिदाः (narakānalavāridāḥ) - clouds that quench the fires of hell

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of narakānalavārida

narakānalavārida - clouds that provide water to extinguish the fires of hell; metaphorically, saviors from hellish suffering

Compound: `naraka` (hell) + `anala` (fire) + `vārida` (cloud, water-giver). Metaphorical compound describing `santaḥ`.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (naraka+anala+vārida)

• naraka – hell, infernal region
  noun (masculine)
• anala – fire, heat
  noun (masculine)
  Literally 'not-water', hence fire.
• vārida – cloud (giver of water)
  noun (masculine)
  `vāri` (water) + `da` (giver, from root `dā` to give).
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: In apposition to `santaḥ`, describing their nature.