वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-3, verse-1

अथ पुत्रः पुलस्त्यस्य विश्रवा मुनिपुंगवः ।
अचिरेणैव कालेन पितेव तपसि स्थितः ॥१॥

1. atha putraḥ pulastyasya viśravā munipuṃgavaḥ ,
acireṇaiva kālena piteva tapasi sthitaḥ.

1. atha putraḥ pulastyasya viśravāḥ munipuṅgavaḥ
acireṇa eva kālena pitā iva tapasi sthitaḥ

1. atha pulastyasya putraḥ munipuṅgavaḥ viśravāḥ
acireṇa eva kālena pitā iva tapasi sthitaḥ

1. Then, Viśravas, the son of Pulastya and foremost among sages (muni), very soon, like his father, became steadfast in spiritual practice (tapas).

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - now, then, thereupon

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• पुलस्त्यस्य (pulastyasya) - of Pulastya

• विश्रवाः (viśravāḥ) - Viśravas (proper noun)

• मुनिपुङ्गवः (munipuṅgavaḥ) - foremost among sages (chief of sages, excellent sage)

• अचिरेण (acireṇa) - by no time, quickly, soon

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

• कालेन (kālena) - by time, in time

• पिता (pitā) - Refers to his father, Pulastya. (father)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

• तपसि (tapasi) - in austerity, in penance, in spiritual practice

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - steadfast in spiritual practice (situated, standing, engaged, firm, steadfast)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - now, then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks a new stage in the narrative.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Refers to Viśravas.

पुलस्त्यस्य (pulastyasya) - of Pulastya

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pulastya

pulastya - Pulastya (name of one of the mind-born sons of Brahmā, a great sage)

Note: Indicates possession, "Pulastya's son".

विश्रवाः (viśravāḥ) - Viśravas (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśravas

viśravas - Viśravas (name of a sage, father of Kubera and Rāvaṇa); renown, fame

Derived from vi- (all, throughout) and śravas (fame, glory).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+śravas)

• vi – apart, distinct, much, various
  indeclinable
• śravas – fame, glory, renown, sound
  noun (neuter)
  From root √śru (to hear).
  Root: śru (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

मुनिपुङ्गवः (munipuṅgavaḥ) - foremost among sages (chief of sages, excellent sage)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of munipuṅgava

munipuṅgava - foremost among sages, chief of ascetics

Compound of muni (sage) and puṅgava (chief, bull, excellent).

Compound type : tatpurusha (muni+puṅgava)

• muni – sage, ascetic, hermit, silent one
  noun (masculine)
  Root: man (class 4)
• puṅgava – bull, excellent, chief, foremost
  noun (masculine)

Note: Apposition to Viśravas.

अचिरेण (acireṇa) - by no time, quickly, soon

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of acira

acira - not long, quick, speedy

Negative compound (na + cira).

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+cira)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• cira – long (of time), lasting
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies kālena.

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes "acireṇa".

कालेन (kālena) - by time, in time

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, period

Note: Indicates "within a period of time".

पिता (pitā) - Refers to his father, Pulastya. (father)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitr̥

pitr̥ - father

Note: Used in comparison "like father".

इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates comparison.

तपसि (tapasi) - in austerity, in penance, in spiritual practice

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, spiritual practice, heat

From root √tap (to heat, to perform austerity).

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Indicates the state or condition.

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - steadfast in spiritual practice (situated, standing, engaged, firm, steadfast)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, firm, steadfast, engaged in

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root √sthā (to stand, to be, to remain) by kta suffix.

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Predicate describing Viśravas.