वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-15, verse-13

स दृष्ट्वा भ्रातरं संख्ये शापाद्विभ्रष्टगौरवम् ।
उवाच वचनं धीमान्युक्तं पैतामहे कुले ॥१३॥

13. sa dṛṣṭvā bhrātaraṃ saṃkhye śāpādvibhraṣṭagauravam ,
uvāca vacanaṃ dhīmānyuktaṃ paitāmahe kule.

13. sa dṛṣṭvā bhrātaram saṃkhye śāpāt vibhraṣṭagauravam
uvāca vacanam dhīmān yuktam paitāmahe kule

13. saḥ dhīmān saṃkhye śāpāt vibhraṣṭagauravam
bhrātaram dṛṣṭvā paitāmahe kule yuktam vacanam uvāca

13. The intelligent one, seeing his brother in battle whose prestige was diminished by a curse, spoke words befitting their ancestral lineage.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - the intelligent one (he, that)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - his (the intelligent one's) brother (brother)

• संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle (in battle, in enumeration)

• शापात् (śāpāt) - from a curse, due to a curse

• विभ्रष्टगौरवम् (vibhraṣṭagauravam) - whose glory is lost, deprived of prestige

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

• धीमान् (dhīmān) - the intelligent one (intelligent, wise, discerning)

• युक्तम् (yuktam) - appropriate (for the family) (proper, suitable, connected, joined, engaged)

• पैतामहे (paitāmahe) - in the ancestral, in the grandfather's

• कुले (kule) - in the family, in the lineage, in the clan

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - the intelligent one (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: masculine nominative singular of 'tad'

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

formed with -tvā suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: absolutive form

भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - his (the intelligent one's) brother (brother)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle (in battle, in enumeration)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of saṃkhyā

saṁkhyā - number, enumeration, battle, war

Prefix: sam

Root: khyā (class 2)

शापात् (śāpāt) - from a curse, due to a curse

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of śāpa

śāpa - curse, imprecation

Root: śap (class 1)

विभ्रष्टगौरवम् (vibhraṣṭagauravam) - whose glory is lost, deprived of prestige

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vibhraṣṭagaurava

vibhraṣṭagaurava - deprived of honor/prestige/glory

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vibhraṣṭa+gaurava)

• vibhraṣṭa – lost, fallen, deprived
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from vi-bhraṃś (to fall down)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: bhraṃś (class 1)
• gaurava – glory, prestige, honor, respect
  noun (neuter)
  derived from guru

Note: Qualifies 'bhrātaram'

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect 3rd singular active

Root: vac (class 2)

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, statement

derived from vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'uvāca'

धीमान् (dhīmān) - the intelligent one (intelligent, wise, discerning)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - intelligent, wise, endowed with understanding

possessive suffix -mat

Note: Subject of 'uvāca', refers to 'sa'

युक्तम् (yuktam) - appropriate (for the family) (proper, suitable, connected, joined, engaged)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, connected, proper, suitable, endowed with

Past Passive Participle

from yuj (to join)

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'vacanam'

पैतामहे (paitāmahe) - in the ancestral, in the grandfather's

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of paitāmaha

paitāmaha - ancestral, belonging to a grandfather

derived from pitāmaha (grandfather)

Note: Qualifies 'kule'

कुले (kule) - in the family, in the lineage, in the clan

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage, clan, race

Note: Locative singular