वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-92, verse-14

भिन्नमर्याद निर्लज्ज चारित्रेष्वनवस्थित ।
दर्पान्मृत्युमुपादाय शूरो ऽहमिति मन्यसे ॥१४॥

14. bhinnamaryāda nirlajja cāritreṣvanavasthita ,
darpānmṛtyumupādāya śūro'hamiti manyase.

14. bhinnamaryāda nirlajja cāritreṣu anavasthita
darpāt mṛtyum upādāya śūraḥ aham iti manyase

14. bhinnamaryāda nirlajja cāritreṣu anavasthita
darpāt mṛtyum upādāya aham śūraḥ iti manyase

14. O transgressor of limits, O shameless one, unsteady in character! Having embraced death through your arrogance, you still consider yourself a hero.

Words meanings summery:

• भिन्नमर्याद (bhinnamaryāda) - An address to Ravana, describing him as one who has violated all moral boundaries. (O one whose limits are broken, O transgressor of bounds (vocative singular))

• निर्लज्ज (nirlajja) - O shameless one (vocative singular)

• चारित्रेषु (cāritreṣu) - in matters of character or behavior (in conduct, in characters)

• अनवस्थित (anavasthita) - Addresses Ravana, implying he lacks steady principles in his conduct. (O unsteady, O unsteadfast (vocative singular))

• दर्पात् (darpāt) - from arrogance, due to pride

• मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death (accusative singular)

• उपादाय (upādāya) - Ravana having brought death upon himself through his actions. (having incurred, having embraced, having taken upon oneself)

• शूरः (śūraḥ) - hero, brave person

• अहम् (aham) - I

• इति (iti) - thus, so (introducing direct speech or thought)

• मन्यसे (manyase) - you think, you consider

Words meanings and morphology

भिन्नमर्याद (bhinnamaryāda) - An address to Ravana, describing him as one who has violated all moral boundaries. (O one whose limits are broken, O transgressor of bounds (vocative singular))

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhinnamaryāda

bhinnamaryāda - one who has broken boundaries/limits/propriety

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'bhinnā maryādā yasya saḥ' (whose limit is broken)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhinna+maryādā)

• bhinna – broken, split, divided
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root bhid (to break) with suffix -ta
  Root: bhid (class 7)
• maryādā – limit, boundary, rule, decorum
  noun (feminine)

Note: Addresses Ravana.

निर्लज्ज (nirlajja) - O shameless one (vocative singular)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nirlajja

nirlajja - shameless, impudent

Compound of 'nir' (without) and 'lajjā' (shame)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+lajjā)

• nis – out, without, away
  indeclinable
• lajjā – shame, modesty
  noun (feminine)
  Root: lajj (class 1)

Note: Addresses Ravana.

चारित्रेषु (cāritreṣu) - in matters of character or behavior (in conduct, in characters)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of cāritra

cāritra - conduct, character, behavior

Note: Locative here means 'in matters of' or 'regarding'.

अनवस्थित (anavasthita) - Addresses Ravana, implying he lacks steady principles in his conduct. (O unsteady, O unsteadfast (vocative singular))

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of anavasthita

anavasthita - unsteady, unstable, unsettled, inconstant

Past Passive Participle

Compound of 'an' (negation) and 'avasthita' (fixed, stable) which is from root sthā (to stand) with prefix 'ava'

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+avasthita)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
• avasthita – situated, placed, fixed, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root sthā (to stand) with prefix ava and suffix -ta
  Prefix: ava
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Addresses Ravana, meaning he lacks steady principles in his conduct.

दर्पात् (darpāt) - from arrogance, due to pride

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of darpa

darpa - arrogance, pride, conceit

Root: dṛp (class 4)

Note: Indicates the cause or reason.

मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death (accusative singular)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death, demise, Yama (god of death)

Derived from root mṛ (to die)

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Direct object of 'upādāya'.

उपादाय (upādāya) - Ravana having brought death upon himself through his actions. (having incurred, having embraced, having taken upon oneself)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root dā (to give, take) with prefixes 'upa' and 'ā' and suffix '-ya' (l-yap). Specifically means to take, acquire, incur.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Meaning 'having done X'.

शूरः (śūraḥ) - hero, brave person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - hero, warrior, brave, valiant

Note: Predicate nominative for 'aham'.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Subject of the inner thought.

इति (iti) - thus, so (introducing direct speech or thought)

(indeclinable)

मन्यसे (manyase) - you think, you consider

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of man

Present Indicative

Second person singular present middle of root man

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Refers to Ravana.

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