वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-90, verse-28

सधूमपरिवृत्तोर्मिः प्रज्वलन्निव सागरः ।
उत्पपात तदा क्रुद्धः स्पृशन्निव दिवाकरम् ॥२८॥

28. sadhūmaparivṛttormiḥ prajvalanniva sāgaraḥ ,
utpapāta tadā kruddhaḥ spṛśanniva divākaram.

28. sa-dhūma-parivṛtta-ūrmiḥ prajvalan iva sāgaraḥ
utpapāta tadā kruddhaḥ spṛśan iva divākaram

28. tadā kruddhaḥ sāgaraḥ sa-dhūma-parivṛtta-ūrmiḥ
prajvalan iva divākaram spṛśan iva utpapāta

28. Then, enraged, the ocean (sāgara), with its smoky, swirling waves, as if blazing, surged upward, seemingly touching the sun.

Words meanings summery:

• स-धूम-परिवृत्त-ऊर्मिः (sa-dhūma-parivṛtta-ūrmiḥ) - with smoky, swirling waves

• प्रज्वलन् (prajvalan) - blazing, burning fiercely, shining

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• सागरः (sāgaraḥ) - ocean, sea

• उत्पपात (utpapāta) - he sprang up, surged, flew up

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry, furious

• स्पृशन् (spṛśan) - touching, reaching

• दिवाकरम् (divākaram) - the sun (literally, 'day-maker')

Words meanings and morphology

स-धूम-परिवृत्त-ऊर्मिः (sa-dhūma-parivṛtta-ūrmiḥ) - with smoky, swirling waves

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sadhūmaparivṛttormi

sadhūmaparivṛttormi - having smoke and agitated waves

Bahuvrīhi compound: sa (with) + dhūma (smoke) + parivṛtta (swirled, agitated) + ūrmi (wave).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+dhūma+parivṛtta+ūrmi)

• sa – with, together
  indeclinable
  Used as a prefix in compounds meaning 'with' or 'accompanied by'.
• dhūma – smoke, vapor
  noun (masculine)
• parivṛtta – swirled, turned around, agitated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √vṛt (to turn) with prefix 'pari'.
  Prefix: pari
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• ūrmi – wave, ripple
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'sāgaraḥ'.

प्रज्वलन् (prajvalan) - blazing, burning fiercely, shining

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pra-jvalat

pra-jvalat - blazing, shining forth

Present Active Participle

From root √jval (to burn, shine) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: jval (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sāgaraḥ'.

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle used for comparison.

Note: Used to introduce a simile.

सागरः (sāgaraḥ) - ocean, sea

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāgara

sāgara - ocean, sea

From 'sā' (with) + 'gara' (a mountain, or refers to Sagara's digging to the ocean).

Note: Subject of 'utpapāta'.

उत्पपात (utpapāta) - he sprang up, surged, flew up

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of ut-pat

Perfect third person singular

Perfect tense form of √pat with prefix 'ut'.

Prefix: ut

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.

Note: Specifies the time of the action.

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry, furious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

From root √krudh (to be angry) with suffix -ta.

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Describes the state of the ocean.

स्पृशन् (spṛśan) - touching, reaching

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of spṛśat

spṛśat - touching, reaching, feeling

Present Active Participle

From root √spṛś (to touch) with suffix -śatṛ.

Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'sāgaraḥ'.

दिवाकरम् (divākaram) - the sun (literally, 'day-maker')

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of divākara

divākara - sun, day-maker

Compound: divā (by day) + kara (maker).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (divā+kara)

• divā – by day, daily
  indeclinable
• kara – maker, doer, causing
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root √kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'spṛśan'.