वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-90, verse-24

पातयित्वा रथोपस्थे रथात् केतुं च काञ्चनम् ।
ऐन्द्रानभिजघानाश्वाञ् शरजालेन रावणः ॥२४॥

24. pātayitvā rathopasthe rathāt ketuṃ ca kāñcanam ,
aindrānabhijaghānāśvāñ śarajālena rāvaṇaḥ.

24. pātayitvā rathopasthe rathāt ketuṃ ca kāñcanam
aindrān abhijaghāna aśvān śarajālena rāvaṇaḥ

24. Having knocked down the golden banner from the chariot onto its platform, Ravana then struck Indra's horses with a volley of arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• पातयित्वा (pātayitvā) - having caused to fall, having thrown down, having knocked down

• रथोपस्थे (rathopasthe) - onto the chariot's platform (on the chariot's seat/platform, in the chariot's interior)

• रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

• केतुं (ketuṁ) - banner, flag, sign

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• काञ्चनम् (kāñcanam) - golden, made of gold

• ऐन्द्रान् (aindrān) - Indra's (horses) (belonging to Indra, Indra's)

• अभिजघान (abhijaghāna) - he struck, he hit, he attacked

• अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses (accusative)

• शरजालेन (śarajālena) - with a net of arrows, with a volley of arrows

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Ravana

Words meanings and morphology

पातयित्वा (pātayitvā) - having caused to fall, having thrown down, having knocked down

(indeclinable)

absolutivizer (gerund)

From causative stem pāti + tvā suffix. pat is class 1.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Denotes an action completed before the main verb.

रथोपस्थे (rathopasthe) - onto the chariot's platform (on the chariot's seat/platform, in the chariot's interior)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rathopastha

rathopastha - chariot's seat, platform of a chariot, interior of a chariot

ratha (chariot) + upastha (seat, proximity, lap)

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+upastha)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ramh
• upastha – lap, seat, proximity, presence
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: sthā

Note: Location where the banner fell.

रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ramh

Note: Indicates origin of falling.

केतुं (ketuṁ) - banner, flag, sign

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ketu

ketu - banner, flag, standard, sign, mark, comet

Root: cit

Note: Object of pātayitvā.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects elements (implicitly, 'the golden banner').

काञ्चनम् (kāñcanam) - golden, made of gold

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāñcana

kāñcana - golden, made of gold

Derived from kañcana (gold) + aṇ suffix.

Note: Qualifies ketuṃ.

ऐन्द्रान् (aindrān) - Indra's (horses) (belonging to Indra, Indra's)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aindra

aindra - relating to Indra, belonging to Indra, Indra's

Derived from indra + aṇ suffix.

Note: Qualifies aśvān.

अभिजघान (abhijaghāna) - he struck, he hit, he attacked

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of abhi-han

Perfect tense form (Liṭ). Root han with prefix abhi.

Prefix: abhi

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the second clause.

अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses (accusative)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

Note: Object of abhijaghāna.

शरजालेन (śarajālena) - with a net of arrows, with a volley of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śarajāla

śarajāla - net of arrows, shower of arrows, volley of arrows

śara (arrow) + jāla (net, multitude)

Compound type : tatpurusha (śara+jāla)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śṛ
• jāla – net, snare, multitude, collection
  noun (neuter)

Note: Means of action for abhijaghāna.

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Ravana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana (name of the demon king)

Root: ru

Note: Subject of abhijaghāna.