वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-90, verse-26

व्यथिता वानरेन्द्राश्च बभूवुः सविभीषणाः ।
रामचन्द्रमसं दृष्ट्वा ग्रस्तं रावणराहुणा ॥२६॥

26. vyathitā vānarendrāśca babhūvuḥ savibhīṣaṇāḥ ,
rāmacandramasaṃ dṛṣṭvā grastaṃ rāvaṇarāhuṇā.

26. vyathitāḥ vānaréndrāḥ ca babhūvuḥ sa-vibhīṣaṇāḥ
rāmacandramasam dṛṣṭvā grastam rāvaṇarāhuṇā

26. vānaréndrāḥ ca sa-vibhīṣaṇāḥ rāmacandramasam
rāvaṇarāhuṇā grastam dṛṣṭvā vyathitāḥ babhūvuḥ

26. The chiefs of the vānaras, along with Vibhīṣaṇa, became distressed after seeing Rāma, who was like the moon, seized (eclipsed) by Rāvaṇa, who was like Rāhu.

Words meanings summery:

• व्यथिताः (vyathitāḥ) - distressed, pained, troubled

• वानर्éन्द्राः (vānaréndrāḥ) - chiefs of monkeys, monkey leaders

• च (ca) - and

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they became, came to be

• स-विभीषणाः (sa-vibhīṣaṇāḥ) - with Vibhīṣaṇa, accompanied by Vibhīṣaṇa

• रामचन्द्रमसम् (rāmacandramasam) - Rāma who is like the moon, the moon-like Rāma

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• ग्रस्तम् (grastam) - seized, eclipsed, swallowed

• रावणराहुणा (rāvaṇarāhuṇā) - by Rāvaṇa, who is like Rāhu

Words meanings and morphology

व्यथिताः (vyathitāḥ) - distressed, pained, troubled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyathita

vyathita - distressed, pained, troubled

Past Passive Participle

From root √vyath (to suffer, be agitated) with suffix -ta.

Root: vyath (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'vānaréndrāḥ'.

वानर्éन्द्राः (vānaréndrāḥ) - chiefs of monkeys, monkey leaders

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vānaréndra

vānaréndra - chief of monkeys, monkey leader

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vānara+indra)

• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief, Indra (the king of gods)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the verb 'babhūvuḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'vānaréndrāḥ' with an implied earlier subject, or simply adds emphasis.

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they became, came to be

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of bhū

Perfect third person plural

Perfect tense form of √bhū.

Root: bhū (class 1)

स-विभीषणाः (sa-vibhīṣaṇāḥ) - with Vibhīṣaṇa, accompanied by Vibhīṣaṇa

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of savibhīṣaṇa

savibhīṣaṇa - with Vibhīṣaṇa

Adjectival compound formed with 'sa' (with) and 'Vibhīṣaṇa'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+Vibhīṣaṇa)

• sa – with, together
  indeclinable
  Used as a prefix in compounds meaning 'with' or 'accompanied by'.
• Vibhīṣaṇa – Vibhīṣaṇa (proper name of Rāvaṇa's brother)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'vānaréndrāḥ'.

रामचन्द्रमसम् (rāmacandramasam) - Rāma who is like the moon, the moon-like Rāma

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāmacandramas

rāmacandramas - Rāma as the moon

Karmadhāraya compound comparing Rāma to the moon (candra + mas, candramas is a synonym for candra).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (rāma+candramas)

• rāma – Rāma (proper name of the hero)
  proper noun (masculine)
• candramas – moon
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā' and 'grastam'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb 'babhūvuḥ'.

ग्रस्तम् (grastam) - seized, eclipsed, swallowed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of grasta

grasta - seized, swallowed, eclipsed

Past Passive Participle

From root √gras (to swallow) with suffix -ta.

Root: gras (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rāmacandramasam'.

रावणराहुणा (rāvaṇarāhuṇā) - by Rāvaṇa, who is like Rāhu

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāvaṇarāhu

rāvaṇarāhu - Rāvaṇa, who is compared to Rāhu (the demon of eclipses)

Karmadhāraya compound where Rāvaṇa is identified with Rāhu.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (rāvaṇa+rāhu)

• rāvaṇa – Rāvaṇa (proper name of the demon king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• rāhu – Rāhu (a demon in Hindu mythology, personification of the ascending lunar node, causes eclipses)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'grastam'.