वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-90, verse-20

ते राघवधनुर्मुक्ता रुक्मपुङ्खाः शिखिप्रभाः ।
सुपर्णाः काञ्चना भूत्वा विचेरुः सर्पशत्रवः ॥२०॥

20. te rāghavadhanurmuktā rukmapuṅkhāḥ śikhiprabhāḥ ,
suparṇāḥ kāñcanā bhūtvā viceruḥ sarpaśatravaḥ.

20. te rāghavadhanurmuktāḥ rukmapuṅkhāḥ śikhiprabhāḥ
suparṇāḥ kāñcanāḥ bhūtvā vicerūḥ sarpaśatravaḥ

20. te rāghavadhanurmuktāḥ rukmapuṅkhāḥ śikhiprabhāḥ
kāñcanāḥ suparṇāḥ bhūtvā sarpaśatravaḥ vicerūḥ

20. Those (arrows), released from Rāma's bow, with golden shafts and the radiance of fire, transformed into golden eagles (suparṇā) and moved about as enemies of the serpents.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those arrows (they, those)

• राघवधनुर्मुक्ताः (rāghavadhanurmuktāḥ) - released from Rāma's bow (released from Rāghava's bow)

• रुक्मपुङ्खाः (rukmapuṅkhāḥ) - having golden shafts (feathers of an arrow) (having golden shafts)

• शिखिप्रभाः (śikhiprabhāḥ) - having the radiance of fire (having the splendor of fire/peacocks)

• सुपर्णाः (suparṇāḥ) - eagles (mythical bird-beings, like Garuḍa) (eagles, well-winged (beings))

• काञ्चनाः (kāñcanāḥ) - golden (golden, made of gold)

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

• विचेरूः (vicerūḥ) - they moved about, roamed (they roamed, moved about)

• सर्पशत्रवः (sarpaśatravaḥ) - enemies of the serpents (enemies of serpents)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those arrows (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Subject of 'vicerūḥ'.

राघवधनुर्मुक्ताः (rāghavadhanurmuktāḥ) - released from Rāma's bow (released from Rāghava's bow)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rāghavadhanurmukta

rāghavadhanurmukta - shot from Rāghava's bow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rāghava+dhanus+mukta)

• rāghava – descendant of Raghu, name of Rāma
  proper noun (masculine)
• dhanus – bow
  noun (neuter)
• mukta – released, freed, shot
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root muc (to release) with suffix -ta
  Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Modifies 'te' (arrows).

रुक्मपुङ्खाः (rukmapuṅkhāḥ) - having golden shafts (feathers of an arrow) (having golden shafts)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rukmapuṅkha

rukmapuṅkha - having golden feathers/shafts (of an arrow)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rukma+puṅkha)

• rukma – gold, golden
  noun (neuter)
• puṅkha – feathered part of an arrow, shaft, tail-end
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'te'.

शिखिप्रभाः (śikhiprabhāḥ) - having the radiance of fire (having the splendor of fire/peacocks)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śikhiprabha

śikhiprabha - having the splendor of fire or peacocks

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śikhi+prabhā)

• śikhi – fire, flame; peacock
  noun (masculine)
• prabhā – light, splendor, radiance, luster
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'te'.

सुपर्णाः (suparṇāḥ) - eagles (mythical bird-beings, like Garuḍa) (eagles, well-winged (beings))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of suparṇa

suparṇa - well-winged, a large bird, eagle, specifically Garuḍa (serpent-eater)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+parṇa)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• parṇa – wing, feather; leaf
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicative noun with 'bhūtvā'.

काञ्चनाः (kāñcanāḥ) - golden (golden, made of gold)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kāñcana

kāñcana - golden, made of gold, gold

Derived from kañcana (gold) with suffix -a

Note: Modifies 'suparṇāḥ'.

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root bhū with suffix -tvā

Root: bhū (class 1)

विचेरूः (vicerūḥ) - they moved about, roamed (they roamed, moved about)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of vi-car

perfect

From root car (to move) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

सर्पशत्रवः (sarpaśatravaḥ) - enemies of the serpents (enemies of serpents)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarpaśatru

sarpaśatru - enemy of serpents (a traditional epithet for Garuḍa)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sarpa+śatru)

• sarpa – serpent, snake
  noun (masculine)
  Root: sṛp (class 1)
• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicative noun, describing the role taken on by the arrows.