वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-90, verse-2

दशग्रीवो रथस्थस्तु रामं वज्रोपमैः शरैः ।
आजघान महाघोरैर्धाराभिरिव तोयदः ॥२॥

2. daśagrīvo rathasthastu rāmaṃ vajropamaiḥ śaraiḥ ,
ājaghāna mahāghorairdhārābhiriva toyadaḥ.

2. daśagrīvaḥ rathasthaḥ tu rāmam vajropamaiḥ śaraiḥ
ājaghāna mahāghoraiḥ dhārābhiḥ iva toyadaḥ

2. daśagrīvaḥ rathasthaḥ tu vajropamaiḥ mahāghoraiḥ
śaraiḥ rāmam ājaghāna toyadaḥ dhārābhiḥ iva

2. Rāvaṇa, standing in his chariot, struck Rāma with exceedingly fierce arrows resembling thunderbolts, just as a cloud pours down torrents of rain.

Words meanings summery:

• दशग्रीवः (daśagrīvaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (the ten-necked one)

• रथस्थः (rathasthaḥ) - in his chariot (standing in a chariot, charioted)

• तु (tu) - indeed, emphasizing the action (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rāma

• वज्रोपमैः (vajropamaiḥ) - like thunderbolts (resembling thunderbolts)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• आजघान (ājaghāna) - struck (struck, hit, killed)

• महाघोरैः (mahāghoraiḥ) - exceedingly fierce (exceedingly dreadful, very terrible)

• धाराभिः (dhārābhiḥ) - with torrents of rain (with streams, with torrents)

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

• तोयदः (toyadaḥ) - a cloud (cloud (water-giver))

Words meanings and morphology

दशग्रीवः (daśagrīvaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (the ten-necked one)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśagrīva

daśagrīva - ten-necked; an epithet of Rāvaṇa

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (daśan+grīvā)

• daśan – ten
  numeral
• grīvā – neck
  noun (feminine)

रथस्थः (rathasthaḥ) - in his chariot (standing in a chariot, charioted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rathastha

rathastha - standing in a chariot, charioted

Compound of 'ratha' (chariot) and 'stha' (standing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+stha)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, staying, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from the root √sthā (to stand).
  Root: √sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'daśagrīvaḥ'.

तु (tu) - indeed, emphasizing the action (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

रामम् (rāmam) - Rāma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - a name of Viṣṇu's incarnations, especially the hero of the Rāmāyaṇa

Note: Object of the verb 'ājaghāna'.

वज्रोपमैः (vajropamaiḥ) - like thunderbolts (resembling thunderbolts)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vajropama

vajropama - like a thunderbolt, resembling a thunderbolt

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vajra+upama)

• vajra – thunderbolt, diamond
  noun (masculine)
• upama – resembling, comparable to
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'śaraiḥ'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Root: √śṛ

Note: Instrument of the action 'struck'.

आजघान (ājaghāna) - struck (struck, hit, killed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √han

perfect active, 3rd person singular

Perfect tense form of the root √han, with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: √han (class 2)

महाघोरैः (mahāghoraiḥ) - exceedingly fierce (exceedingly dreadful, very terrible)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāghora

mahāghora - very dreadful, exceedingly terrible, awful

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ghora)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  Feminine form of 'mahat', often used as a prefix.
• ghora – dreadful, terrible, fierce
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'śaraiḥ'.

धाराभिः (dhārābhiḥ) - with torrents of rain (with streams, with torrents)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of dhārā

dhārā - stream, current, torrent, shower

Root: √dhṛ

Note: Used in a simile, parallel to 'śaraiḥ'.

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

तोयदः (toyadaḥ) - a cloud (cloud (water-giver))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of toyada

toyada - cloud (literally 'water-giver')

Compound of 'toya' (water) and 'da' (giver, from √dā).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (toya+da)

• toya – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giving, giver
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from the root √dā (to give).
  Root: √dā (class 3)

Note: Subject of the simile.