वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-90, verse-13

तद्बभूवाद्भुतं युद्धं द्वैरथं लोमहर्षणम् ।
रामस्य च महाबाहो रावणस्य च रक्षसः ॥१३॥

13. tadbabhūvādbhutaṃ yuddhaṃ dvairathaṃ lomaharṣaṇam ,
rāmasya ca mahābāho rāvaṇasya ca rakṣasaḥ.

13. tat babhūva adbhutam yuddham dvairatham lomaharṣaṇam
rāmasya ca mahābāho rāvaṇasya ca rakṣasaḥ

13. tat yuddham dvairatham lomaharṣaṇam adbhutam
babhūva rāmasya mahābāho ca rāvaṇasya rakṣasaḥ ca

13. That battle, fought between two chariots, was astonishing and hair-raising; it was the battle of the mighty-armed Rāma and the demon Rāvaṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that, that one

• बभूव (babhūva) - was, became, occurred

• अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - wonderful, amazing, astonishing

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war

• द्वैरथम् (dvairatham) - fought between two chariots, involving two chariots

• लोमहर्षणम् (lomaharṣaṇam) - hair-raising, thrilling, causing goosebumps

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

• च (ca) - and, also

• महाबाहो (mahābāho) - of the mighty-armed (Rāma) (of the mighty-armed one)

• रावणस्य (rāvaṇasya) - of Ravana

• च (ca) - and, also

• रक्षसः (rakṣasaḥ) - of the demon, of the Rākṣasa

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

बभूव (babhūva) - was, became, occurred

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - wonderful, amazing, astonishing

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of adbhuta

adbhuta - wonderful, amazing, extraordinary, astonishing

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (n. used as noun)

From root 'yudh' (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

द्वैरथम् (dvairatham) - fought between two chariots, involving two chariots

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dvairatha

dvairatha - fought between two chariots, involving two chariots

Derived from 'dviratha' (two chariots) with 'aṇ' (taddhita suffix)

लोमहर्षणम् (lomaharṣaṇam) - hair-raising, thrilling, causing goosebumps

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of lomaharṣaṇa

lomaharṣaṇa - hair-raising, thrilling, causing goosebumps

Compound type : tatpurusha (loman+harṣaṇa)

• loman – hair (of the body)
  noun (neuter)
• harṣaṇa – causing joy, thrilling, exciting
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun / Causative Noun
  From root 'hṛṣ' (to thrill, be excited)
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (proper name of the seventh avatar of Vishnu)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

महाबाहो (mahābāho) - of the mighty-armed (Rāma) (of the mighty-armed one)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, strong-armed

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+bāhu)

• mahat – great, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Genitive singular of 'mahābāhu', referring to Rama.

रावणस्य (rāvaṇasya) - of Ravana

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana (proper name of the demon king of Lanka)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

रक्षसः (rakṣasaḥ) - of the demon, of the Rākṣasa

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of rakṣas

rakṣas - demon, evil spirit, a Rākṣasa