वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-42, verse-2

तेषां तु तुमुलं युद्धं संजज्ञे हरिरक्षसाम् ।
अन्योन्यं पादपैर्घोरैर्निघ्नतं शूलमुद्गरैः ॥२॥

2. teṣāṃ tu tumulaṃ yuddhaṃ saṃjajñe harirakṣasām ,
anyonyaṃ pādapairghorairnighnataṃ śūlamudgaraiḥ.

2. teṣām tu tumulam yuddham sañjajñe harirakṣasām
anyonyam pādapaiḥ ghoraiḥ nighnatam śūlamudgaraiḥ

2. tu teṣām harirakṣasām tumulam yuddham sañjajñe
anyonyam ghoraiḥ pādapaiḥ śūlamudgaraiḥ nighnatam

2. Indeed, a tumultuous battle arose between those monkeys and demons, where they struck each other with dreadful trees and with spears and maces.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - among those (of them, among them)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• तुमुलम् (tumulam) - tumultuous (tumultuous, fierce, noisy)

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle (battle, fight, war)

• सञ्जज्ञे (sañjajñe) - arose (arose, was born, happened, took place)

• हरिरक्षसाम् (harirakṣasām) - of monkeys and demons

• अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other (each other, mutually)

• पादपैः (pādapaiḥ) - with trees

• घोरैः (ghoraiḥ) - dreadful (dreadful, terrible, fearful)

• निघ्नतम् (nighnatam) - striking (striking, killing (present participle, accusative singular/dual/plural))

• शूलमुद्गरैः (śūlamudgaraiḥ) - with spears and maces

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - among those (of them, among them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Possessive, refers to 'harirakṣasām'.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

particle

Note: Adds emphasis or connection.

तुमुलम् (tumulam) - tumultuous (tumultuous, fierce, noisy)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, noisy, fierce, confused

Note: Here, nominative.

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle (battle, fight, war)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Root: yudh (class 4)

सञ्जज्ञे (sañjajñe) - arose (arose, was born, happened, took place)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of jan

perfect

Third person singular perfect middle (ātmanepada)

Prefix: sam

Root: jan (class 4)

हरिरक्षसाम् (harirakṣasām) - of monkeys and demons

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of harirakṣas

harirakṣas - monkeys and demons

dvandva compound of 'hari' (monkey) and 'rakṣas' (demon)

Compound type : dvandva (hari+rakṣas)

• hari – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
• rakṣas – demon
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the fighting parties.

अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other (each other, mutually)

(indeclinable)

Note: Qualifies the action of 'nighnatam'.

पादपैः (pādapaiḥ) - with trees

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pādapa

pādapa - tree (lit. 'foot-drinker')

From 'pāda' (foot) + 'pa' (drinker, from √pā, to drink)

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (pāda+pa)

• pāda – foot, root
  noun (masculine)
• pa – drinker, protector
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from √pā (to drink).
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Instrument for 'nighnatam'.

घोरैः (ghoraiḥ) - dreadful (dreadful, terrible, fearful)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ghora

ghora - dreadful, terrible, fearful, formidable

Root: ghūrṇ (class 1)

निघ्नतम् (nighnatam) - striking (striking, killing (present participle, accusative singular/dual/plural))

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nighnat

nighnat - striking, killing

present active participle

Formed from prefix 'ni' + root 'han' (to strike, kill) + present participle suffix '-at'.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Describes the continuous action of striking. Used here in an adverbial sense, or as an adjective modifying implied combatants.

शूलमुद्गरैः (śūlamudgaraiḥ) - with spears and maces

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śūlamudgara

śūlamudgara - spears and maces

dvandva compound of 'śūla' (spear) and 'mudgara' (mace)

Compound type : dvandva (śūla+mudgara)

• śūla – spear, pike, dart
  noun (neuter)
• mudgara – mace, hammer, club
  noun (masculine)