वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-39, verse-5

किं नु मे सीतया कार्यं किं कार्यं जीवितेन वा ।
शयानं यो ऽद्य पश्यामि भ्रातरं युधि निर्जितम् ॥५॥

5. kiṃ nu me sītayā kāryaṃ kiṃ kāryaṃ jīvitena vā ,
śayānaṃ yo'dya paśyāmi bhrātaraṃ yudhi nirjitam.

5. kim nu me sītayā kāryam kim kāryam jīvitena vā
śayānam yaḥ adya paśyāmi bhrātaram yudhi nirjitam

5. What use is Sita to me, or what use is life, when I see my brother lying defeated in battle today?

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - what use (what, what for, why)

• नु (nu) - indeed (emphasizing the question) (indeed, now, then, surely)

• मे (me) - to me (to me, my, for me)

• सीतया (sītayā) - with Sita (with Sita, by Sita)

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - use, purpose (what is to be done, duty, purpose, use, business)

• किम् (kim) - what use (what, what for, why)

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - use, purpose (what is to be done, duty, purpose, use, business)

• जीवितेन (jīvitena) - with life (by life, with life)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

• शयानम् (śayānam) - lying (lying, sleeping)

• यः (yaḥ) - I who (relative pronoun referring to the implied speaker) (who, which, that)

• अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

• पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see (I see, I behold)

• भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - brother (Lakshmana, implied) (brother)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in fight)

• निर्जितम् (nirjitam) - defeated (defeated, conquered, vanquished)

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - what use (what, what for, why)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, whether

Interrogative pronoun

नु (nu) - indeed (emphasizing the question) (indeed, now, then, surely)

(indeclinable)

Particle

मे (me) - to me (to me, my, for me)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of mad

mad - I, me

First person pronoun

सीतया (sītayā) - with Sita (with Sita, by Sita)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sita (name of Rama's wife)

कार्यम् (kāryam) - use, purpose (what is to be done, duty, purpose, use, business)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, business, object, purpose, use

Gerundive

From root √kṛ ('to do') with suffix -ya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicative nominative

किम् (kim) - what use (what, what for, why)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, whether

Interrogative pronoun

कार्यम् (kāryam) - use, purpose (what is to be done, duty, purpose, use, business)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, business, object, purpose, use

Gerundive

From root √kṛ ('to do') with suffix -ya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicative nominative

जीवितेन (jīvitena) - with life (by life, with life)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, existence

Past Passive Participle (from √jīv)

Also functions as a noun 'life'

Root: jīv (class 1)

वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

शयानम् (śayānam) - lying (lying, sleeping)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śayāna

śayāna - lying, sleeping, resting

Present Middle Participle

From root √śī ('to lie, sleep')

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'bhrātaram'

यः (yaḥ) - I who (relative pronoun referring to the implied speaker) (who, which, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the implied subject of 'paśyāmi'

अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time

पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see (I see, I behold)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present Indicative

1st person singular active, Parasmaipada, from root √dṛś (via paśya- stem)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - brother (Lakshmana, implied) (brother)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Object of 'paśyāmi'

युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in fight)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

f-stem noun

निर्जितम् (nirjitam) - defeated (defeated, conquered, vanquished)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nirjita

nirjita - defeated, conquered, vanquished

Past Passive Participle

From prefix 'nir' + root √ji ('to conquer')

Prefix: nir

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'bhrātaram'