वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-39, verse-12

धिङ् मां दुष्कृतकर्माणमनार्यं यत्कृते ह्यसौ ।
लक्ष्मणः पतितः शेते शरतल्पे गतासुवत् ॥१२॥

12. dhiṅ māṃ duṣkṛtakarmāṇamanāryaṃ yatkṛte hyasau ,
lakṣmaṇaḥ patitaḥ śete śaratalpe gatāsuvat.

12. dhiṅ mām duṣkṛtakarmāṇam anāryam yatkṛte hi
asau lakṣmaṇaḥ patitaḥ śete śaratālpe gatāsuvat

12. dhiṅ mām anāryam duṣkṛtakarmāṇam,
yatkṛte hi asau lakṣmaṇaḥ patitaḥ śaratālpe gatāsuvat śete.

12. Shame on me, the ignoble one who has committed wicked deeds, because of whom this Lakṣmaṇa lies fallen on a bed of arrows, as if dead.

Words meanings summery:

• धिङ् (dhiṅ) - shame on, woe to

• माम् (mām) - me

• दुष्कृतकर्माणम् (duṣkṛtakarmāṇam) - one who has done evil deeds, wicked doer

• अनार्यम् (anāryam) - ignoble, unworthy, non-Aryan

• यत्कृते (yatkṛte) - for whose sake, because of whom

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, for

• असौ (asau) - this (Lakṣmaṇa) (this, that)

• लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakṣmaṇa

• पतितः (patitaḥ) - fallen

• शेते (śete) - lies, rests

• शरताल्पे (śaratālpe) - on a bed of arrows

• गतासुवत् (gatāsuvat) - like one whose life has departed, like a dead person

Words meanings and morphology

धिङ् (dhiṅ) - shame on, woe to

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

दुष्कृतकर्माणम् (duṣkṛtakarmāṇam) - one who has done evil deeds, wicked doer

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duṣkṛtakarmāṇ

duṣkṛtakarmāṇ - one whose actions are evil/wicked

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dus+kṛta+karman)

• dus – bad, evil, difficult
  indeclinable
• kṛta – done, made
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• karman – action, deed
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies 'mām'

अनार्यम् (anāryam) - ignoble, unworthy, non-Aryan

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anārya

anārya - ignoble, unworthy

Derived from nārya (noble) with negative prefix an-

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ārya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• ārya – noble, honorable, Aryan
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'mām'

यत्कृते (yatkṛte) - for whose sake, because of whom

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yat+kṛta)

• yat – which, who
  pronoun
• kṛta – done, made; sake, purpose
  noun (neuter)

Note: Functions adverbially as "because of whom".

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, for

(indeclinable)

असौ (asau) - this (Lakṣmaṇa) (this, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - this, that

लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakṣmaṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (name of Rama's brother)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

पतितः (patitaḥ) - fallen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, descended

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √pat (to fall)

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'lakṣmaṇaḥ'

शेते (śete) - lies, rests

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śī

Root: śī (class 2)

शरताल्पे (śaratālpe) - on a bed of arrows

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śaratālpa

śaratālpa - bed of arrows

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (śara+talpa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• talpa – bed, couch
  noun (masculine)

गतासुवत् (gatāsuvat) - like one whose life has departed, like a dead person

(indeclinable)

Derived from gatāsu (one whose breath/life is gone) with suffix -vat (like)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (for gatāsu) (gata+asu+vat)

• gata – gone, departed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• asu – breath, life
  noun (masculine)
• vat – like, as
  indeclinable
  Primary suffix -vat