वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-39, verse-28

न चातिक्रमितुं शक्यं दैवं सुग्रीव मानुषैः ।
यत्तु शक्यं वयस्येन सुहृदा वा परंतप ।
कृतं सुग्रीव तत् सर्वं भवताधर्मभीरुणा ॥२८॥

28. na cātikramituṃ śakyaṃ daivaṃ sugrīva mānuṣaiḥ ,
yattu śakyaṃ vayasyena suhṛdā vā paraṃtapa ,
kṛtaṃ sugrīva tat sarvaṃ bhavatādharmabhīruṇā.

28. na ca atikramitum śakyam daivam
sugrīva mānuṣaiḥ yat tu śakyam vayasyena
suhṛdā vā paraṃtapa kṛtam sugrīva
tat sarvam bhavatā adharmabhīruṇā

28. sugrīva paraṃtapa daivam mānuṣaiḥ
atikramitum na ca śakyam tu yat
vayasyena vā suhṛdā śakyam tat sarvam
adharmabhīruṇā bhavatā kṛtam sugrīva

28. O Sugriva, humans cannot overcome divine will. However, all that a friend or a well-wisher could possibly do, O scorcher of foes, has been accomplished by you, O Sugriva, who fears unrighteousness (adharma).

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• अतिक्रमितुम् (atikramitum) - to overcome (fate) (to transgress, to overcome, to violate)

• शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible (to be overcome) (possible, capable, able to be done)

• दैवम् (daivam) - fate, divine will (divine will, fate, destiny, what pertains to gods)

• सुग्रीव (sugrīva) - O Sugriva (Sugriva (name of the monkey king))

• मानुषैः (mānuṣaiḥ) - by humans, by men

• यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what, that)

• तु (tu) - but (but, however, on the other hand)

• शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible (to be done by a friend) (possible, capable, able to be done)

• वयस्येन (vayasyena) - by a friend (by a friend, by a companion)

• सुहृदा (suhṛdā) - by a well-wisher (by a friend, by a well-wisher, by a good-hearted person)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O scorcher of foes (scorcher of foes, tormentor of enemies (epithet))

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done (done, made, performed)

• सुग्रीव (sugrīva) - O Sugriva (Sugriva (name of the monkey king))

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to "whatever is possible") (that, this, it)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (all, every, whole, entirely)

• भवता (bhavatā) - by you (by you (honorific))

• अधर्मभीरुणा (adharmabhīruṇā) - by you, who fear unrighteousness (adharma) (by one who fears unrighteousness, by one afraid of injustice)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अतिक्रमितुम् (atikramitum) - to overcome (fate) (to transgress, to overcome, to violate)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

root kram (1P) with prefix ati

Prefix: ati

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: infinitive form

शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible (to be overcome) (possible, capable, able to be done)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, practicable

gerundive

from root śak (5P)

Root: śak (class 5)

दैवम् (daivam) - fate, divine will (divine will, fate, destiny, what pertains to gods)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - divine, relating to gods, fate, destiny

derived from deva

सुग्रीव (sugrīva) - O Sugriva (Sugriva (name of the monkey king))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugriva (proper noun, name of a monkey king), having a beautiful neck

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+grīvā)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• grīvā – neck
  noun (feminine)

मानुषैः (mānuṣaiḥ) - by humans, by men

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mānuṣa

mānuṣa - human, man, mankind, human being

derived from manu

यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

तु (tu) - but (but, however, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible (to be done by a friend) (possible, capable, able to be done)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, practicable

gerundive

from root śak (5P)

Root: śak (class 5)

वयस्येन (vayasyena) - by a friend (by a friend, by a companion)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vayasya

vayasya - friend, companion, contemporary

सुहृदा (suhṛdā) - by a well-wisher (by a friend, by a well-wisher, by a good-hearted person)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, well-wisher, good-hearted

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+hṛd)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• hṛd – heart
  noun (neuter)

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O scorcher of foes (scorcher of foes, tormentor of enemies (epithet))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - scorcher of foes, tormentor of enemies

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (param+tapa)

• param – enemy, hostile
  noun (masculine)
• tapa – one who burns, scorches, afflicts
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  from root tap
  Root: tap (class 1)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done (done, made, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

past passive participle

from root kṛ (8U)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सुग्रीव (sugrīva) - O Sugriva (Sugriva (name of the monkey king))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugriva (proper noun, name of a monkey king), having a beautiful neck

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+grīvā)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• grīvā – neck
  noun (feminine)

तत् (tat) - that (referring to "whatever is possible") (that, this, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it (demonstrative pronoun)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (all, every, whole, entirely)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

भवता (bhavatā) - by you (by you (honorific))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you, your honor (honorific pronoun), being, existing

present active participle

from root bhū (1P)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: honorific form of 'you'

अधर्मभीरुणा (adharmabhīruṇā) - by you, who fear unrighteousness (adharma) (by one who fears unrighteousness, by one afraid of injustice)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of adharmabhīru

adharmabhīru - one who fears unrighteousness, one afraid of injustice

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (adharma+bhīru)

• adharma – unrighteousness, injustice, wrong conduct (adharma)
  noun (masculine)
  compound of 'a' (negation) and 'dharma'
• bhīru – fearful, timid, afraid
  adjective (masculine)