वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-39, verse-30

शुश्रुवुस्तस्य ते सर्वे वानराः परिदेवितम् ।
वर्तयां चक्रुरश्रूणि नेत्रैः कृष्णेतरेक्षणाः ॥३०॥

30. śuśruvustasya te sarve vānarāḥ paridevitam ,
vartayāṃ cakruraśrūṇi netraiḥ kṛṣṇetarekṣaṇāḥ.

30. śuśruvuḥ tasya te sarve vānarāḥ paridevitam
vartayām cakruḥ aśrūṇi netraiḥ kṛṣṇetarekṣaṇāḥ

30. te sarve vānarāḥ kṛṣṇetarekṣaṇāḥ tasya paridevitam
śuśruvuḥ netraiḥ aśrūṇi vartayām cakruḥ

30. All those monkeys heard his lamentation, and with their eyes reddened, they shed tears.

Words meanings summery:

• शुश्रुवुः (śuśruvuḥ) - they heard (they heard, they listened)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (lamentation) (his, its, of that)

• ते (te) - those (monkeys) (those, they)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (monkeys) (all, everyone)

• वानराः (vānarāḥ) - monkeys

• परिदेवितम् (paridevitam) - his lamentation (lamentation, wailing, sorrow)

• वर्तयाम् (vartayām) - shedding (part of periphrastic perfect 'vartayāṃ cakruḥ') (causing to turn, causing to exist, shedding)

• चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they made (part of periphrastic perfect 'vartayāṃ cakruḥ') (they did, they made)

• अश्रूणि (aśrūṇi) - tears

• नेत्रैः (netraiḥ) - from their eyes (by/from eyes)

• कृष्णेतरेक्षणाः (kṛṣṇetarekṣaṇāḥ) - those whose eyes were reddened (those whose eyes are not black, those with red eyes (from grief/anger))

Words meanings and morphology

शुश्रुवुः (śuśruvuḥ) - they heard (they heard, they listened)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of śru

root śru (5U)

Root: śru (class 5)

तस्य (tasya) - his (lamentation) (his, its, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

ते (te) - those (monkeys) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

सर्वे (sarve) - all (monkeys) (all, everyone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

वानराः (vānarāḥ) - monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey

परिदेवितम् (paridevitam) - his lamentation (lamentation, wailing, sorrow)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paridevita

paridevita - lamentation, wailing, mourning

past passive participle (nominalized)

from root div (4P) with prefix pari

Prefix: pari

Root: div (class 4)

वर्तयाम् (vartayām) - shedding (part of periphrastic perfect 'vartayāṃ cakruḥ') (causing to turn, causing to exist, shedding)

(indeclinable)

stem of causative verb with `ām` suffix

from causative root vṛt (1A)

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: part of periphrastic perfect 'vartayāṃ cakruḥ'

चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they made (part of periphrastic perfect 'vartayāṃ cakruḥ') (they did, they made)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of kṛ

root kṛ (8U)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: part of periphrastic perfect 'vartayāṃ cakruḥ'

अश्रूणि (aśrūṇi) - tears

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of aśru

aśru - tear

नेत्रैः (netraiḥ) - from their eyes (by/from eyes)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of netra

netra - eye, leader

कृष्णेतरेक्षणाः (kṛṣṇetarekṣaṇāḥ) - those whose eyes were reddened (those whose eyes are not black, those with red eyes (from grief/anger))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛṣṇetarekṣaṇa

kṛṣṇetarekṣaṇa - having eyes other than black (i.e. red, from sorrow or anger)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛṣṇa+itara+īkṣaṇa)

• kṛṣṇa – black, dark
  adjective (masculine)
• itara – other, different
  adjective (masculine)
• īkṣaṇa – eye, seeing
  noun (neuter)
  from root īkṣ (1A)
  Root: īkṣ (class 1)

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