वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-39, verse-23

अस्मिन्मुहूर्ते सुग्रीव प्रतियातुमितो ऽर्हसि ।
मत्वा हीनं मया राजन् रावणो ऽभिद्रवेद्बली ॥२३॥

23. asminmuhūrte sugrīva pratiyātumito'rhasi ,
matvā hīnaṃ mayā rājan rāvaṇo'bhidravedbalī.

23. asmin muhūrte sugrīva pratiyātum itaḥ arhasi
matvā hīnam mayā rājan rāvaṇaḥ abhidravet balī

23. sugrīva rājan asmin muhūrte itaḥ pratiyātum
arhasi mayā hīnam matvā balī rāvaṇaḥ abhidravet

23. O Sugrīva, you should return from here at this very moment, O King. Thinking me to be weakened, the mighty Rāvaṇa might attack.

Words meanings summery:

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this, at this

• मुहूर्ते (muhūrte) - at this very moment (at the moment, in the instant)

• सुग्रीव (sugrīva) - O Sugrīva

• प्रतियातुम् (pratiyātum) - to depart (to return)

• इतः (itaḥ) - from here, hence

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should (you are able, you ought, you deserve)

• मत्वा (matvā) - thinking (that I am weak) (having thought, considering)

• हीनम् (hīnam) - weakened (deprived, deficient, weak, abandoned)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa

• अभिद्रवेत् (abhidravet) - he might attack, he might rush against

• बली (balī) - the mighty one (powerful, strong)

Words meanings and morphology

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this, at this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

मुहूर्ते (muhūrte) - at this very moment (at the moment, in the instant)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of muhūrta

muhūrta - a moment, an instant, a short period of time

Derived from mu- and √hṛ (to seize), implying a fleeting moment.

Root: hṛ (class 1)

सुग्रीव (sugrīva) - O Sugrīva

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (king of the Vānaras, ally of Rāma)

Compound: su (good) + grīva (neck). Refers to one with a beautiful neck.

प्रतियातुम् (pratiyātum) - to depart (to return)

(verb)

active, infinitive of pratiyā

Infinitive (tumun)

From root √yā (to go) with prefix prati-.

Prefix: prati

Root: yā (class 2)

इतः (itaḥ) - from here, hence

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix -tas indicating origin.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should (you are able, you ought, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present (Laṭ) 2nd person singular active

From root √arh (class 1, arhati). Often used with an infinitive.

Root: arh (class 1)

मत्वा (matvā) - thinking (that I am weak) (having thought, considering)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (ktvā)

From root √man (class 4, manyate).

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Acts adverbially.

हीनम् (hīnam) - weakened (deprived, deficient, weak, abandoned)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hīna

hīna - deprived of, deficient, low, inferior, abandoned

Past Passive Participle

From root √hā (to abandon, to leave).

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with implied 'mām'.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I, me

First person singular pronoun.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root √rāj (to shine, to rule).

Root: rāj

Note: Refers to Sugrīva.

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (the primary antagonist of the Rāmāyaṇa)

From √ru (to cry, to roar), often associated with a terrifying roar.

Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'abhidravet'.

अभिद्रवेत् (abhidravet) - he might attack, he might rush against

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of drā

Optative (Liṅ) 3rd person singular active

From root √drā (class 2, drāti) with prefix abhi-.

Prefix: abhi

Root: drā (class 2)

बली (balī) - the mighty one (powerful, strong)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balin

balin - strong, powerful, mighty

Possessive suffix -in added to bala (strength).