वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-39, verse-16

बाणाभिहतमर्मत्वान्न शक्नोत्यभिवीक्षितुम् ।
रुजा चाब्रुवतो ह्यस्य दृष्टिरागेण सूच्यते ॥१६॥

16. bāṇābhihatamarmatvānna śaknotyabhivīkṣitum ,
rujā cābruvato hyasya dṛṣṭirāgeṇa sūcyate.

16. bāṇa-abhihata-marmatvāt na śaknoti abhivīkṣitum
rujā ca abruvataḥ hi asya dṛṣṭi-rāgeṇa sūcyate

16. bāṇa-abhihata-marmatvāt na abhivīkṣitum śaknoti.
hi asya abruvataḥ rujā ca dṛṣṭi-rāgeṇa sūcyate.

16. Due to his vital organs being struck by arrows, he is unable to see clearly. His pain, though not expressed verbally, is indicated by the redness in his eyes.

Words meanings summery:

• बाण-अभिहत-मर्मत्वात् (bāṇa-abhihata-marmatvāt) - due to having vital spots struck by arrows

• न (na) - not, no

• शक्नोति (śaknoti) - is able, can

• अभिवीक्षितुम् (abhivīkṣitum) - to look at, to observe, to see clearly

• रुजा (rujā) - pain, ache, sickness

• च (ca) - and, also

• अब्रुवतः (abruvataḥ) - of one not speaking, of the unspoken

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• अस्य (asya) - of him, his

• दृष्टि-रागेण (dṛṣṭi-rāgeṇa) - by the redness of the eyes

• सूच्यते (sūcyate) - is indicated, is signified

Words meanings and morphology

बाण-अभिहत-मर्मत्वात् (bāṇa-abhihata-marmatvāt) - due to having vital spots struck by arrows

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bāṇābhihatamarmatva

bāṇābhihatamarmatva - the state of having vital spots struck by arrows

Derived from bāṇābhihatamarman + -tva suffix

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bāṇa+abhihata+marman+tva)

• bāṇa – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• abhihata – struck, wounded
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √han (to strike, kill) with prefix abhi-
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: han (class 2)
• marman – vital spot, vulnerable point
  noun (neuter)
• tva – suffix meaning "-ness", "the state of being"
  suffix (neuter)
  Forms abstract nouns

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शक्नोति (śaknoti) - is able, can

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śak

Present active indicative

Root: śak (class 5)

अभिवीक्षितुम् (abhivīkṣitum) - to look at, to observe, to see clearly

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root √īkṣ (to see) with prefixes abhi- and vi-

Prefixes: abhi+vi

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Infinitive expressing purpose or object of capability.

रुजा (rujā) - pain, ache, sickness

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rujā

rujā - pain, ache, sickness

Note: Subject of 'sūcyate'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अब्रुवतः (abruvataḥ) - of one not speaking, of the unspoken

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of abruvat

abruvat - not speaking, silent

Present active participle

Negative prefix 'a-' + root √brū (to speak) + -at suffix for participle

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'asya' (his).

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

अस्य (asya) - of him, his

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

दृष्टि-रागेण (dṛṣṭi-rāgeṇa) - by the redness of the eyes

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭirāga

dṛṣṭirāga - redness of the eyes

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dṛṣṭi+rāga)

• dṛṣṭi – sight, vision, eye
  noun (feminine)
  From root √dṛś (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• rāga – color, redness, passion
  noun (masculine)
  From root √rañj (to color)
  Root: rañj (class 1)

सूच्यते (sūcyate) - is indicated, is signified

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of sūc

Present passive indicative

Derived from root √sūc which is often used in the 10th class or causative, then put in passive voice.

Root: sūc (class 10)

Note: Its subject is 'rujā' (pain).

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