वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-39, verse-27

गवयेन गवाक्षेण शरभेण गजेन च ।
अन्यैश्च हरिभिर्युद्धं मदार्थे त्यक्तजीवितैः ॥२७॥

27. gavayena gavākṣeṇa śarabheṇa gajena ca ,
anyaiśca haribhiryuddhaṃ madārthe tyaktajīvitaiḥ.

27. gavayena gavākṣeṇa śarabheṇa gajena ca anyaiḥ
ca haribhiḥ yuddham madarthe tyaktajīvitaiḥ

27. gavayena gavākṣeṇa śarabheṇa gajena ca anyaiḥ
ca tyaktajīvitaiḥ haribhiḥ madarthe yuddham

27. Battle was fought for my sake by Gavaya, Gavākṣa, Śarabha, and Gaja, as well as by other Vānaras who sacrificed their lives.

Words meanings summery:

• गवयेन (gavayena) - by Gavaya

• गवाक्षेण (gavākṣeṇa) - by Gavākṣa

• शरभेण (śarabheṇa) - by Śarabha

• गजेन (gajena) - by Gaja

• च (ca) - and

• अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others, by different ones

• च (ca) - and, also

• हरिभिः (haribhiḥ) - by monkeys, by Vānaras

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war

• मदर्थे (madarthe) - for Rāma's sake (for my sake, for my purpose)

• त्यक्तजीवितैः (tyaktajīvitaiḥ) - by those Vānaras who sacrificed their lives (by those who have given up their lives, by those who risked their lives)

Words meanings and morphology

गवयेन (gavayena) - by Gavaya

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of gavaya

gavaya - Gavaya (name of a Vānara)

Note: Agent of yuddham (implied 'was fought').

गवाक्षेण (gavākṣeṇa) - by Gavākṣa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of gavākṣa

gavākṣa - Gavākṣa (name of a Vānara)

Note: Agent of yuddham (implied 'was fought').

शरभेण (śarabheṇa) - by Śarabha

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śarabha

śarabha - Śarabha (name of a Vānara)

Note: Agent of yuddham (implied 'was fought').

गजेन (gajena) - by Gaja

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of gaja

gaja - Gaja (name of a Vānara; literally 'elephant')

Note: Agent of yuddham (implied 'was fought').

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others, by different ones

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Qualifies haribhiḥ.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction, used in pairs with the preceding 'ca'.

हरिभिः (haribhiḥ) - by monkeys, by Vānaras

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of hari

hari - monkey, Vānara, lion, Vishnu

Note: Agent of yuddham (implied 'was fought').

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

Past Passive Participle of √yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of the sentence (implied 'was fought').

मदर्थे (madarthe) - for Rāma's sake (for my sake, for my purpose)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of madartha

madartha - my purpose, my sake, for me

compound of mat (my, me) and artha (purpose, sake)

Compound type : tatpurusha (mat+artha)

• mat – my, me (form of first person pronoun)
  pronoun
• artha – purpose, aim, sake, meaning
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Rāma's benefit or cause.

त्यक्तजीवितैः (tyaktajīvitaiḥ) - by those Vānaras who sacrificed their lives (by those who have given up their lives, by those who risked their lives)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tyaktajīvita

tyaktajīvita - one who has given up life, sacrificed life

compound of tyakta (given up) and jīvita (life)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tyakta+jīvita)

• tyakta – abandoned, given up, renounced
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of √tyaj (to abandon)
  Root: tyaj (class 1)
• jīvita – life, living
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (used as noun)
  Past Passive Participle of √jīv (to live)
  Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Qualifies haribhiḥ.