वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-49, verse-5

ज्येष्ठस्तस्य महाबाहुः पुत्रः प्रियकरः प्रभुः ।
पितुर्निदेशान्निष्क्रान्तः प्रविष्टो दण्डकावनम् ॥५॥

5. jyeṣṭhastasya mahābāhuḥ putraḥ priyakaraḥ prabhuḥ ,
piturnideśānniṣkrāntaḥ praviṣṭo daṇḍakāvanam.

5. jyeṣṭhaḥ tasya mahābāhuḥ putraḥ priyakaraḥ prabhuḥ
pituḥ nideśāt niṣkrāntaḥ praviṣṭaḥ daṇḍakāvanam

5. His eldest son, mighty-armed, beloved, and lordly, by his father's command, departed and entered the Daṇḍaka forest.

Words meanings summery:

• ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - the eldest (son) (eldest, greatest, best)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Daśaratha) (his, of him, of that)

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - (the son) with mighty arms (mighty-armed, strong-armed)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - the son (Rāma) (son)

• प्रियकरः (priyakaraḥ) - (the son who was) beloved (to all) (dear, beloved, pleasing)

• प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - (the son who was) lordly and capable (lord, master, capable, powerful)

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of his father (Daśaratha) (of the father, from the father)

• निदेशात् (nideśāt) - by the command (of his father) (from the command, by the order)

• निष्क्रान्तः (niṣkrāntaḥ) - (he) departed (departed, gone out)

• प्रविष्टः (praviṣṭaḥ) - (he) entered (entered, gone into)

• दण्डकावनम् (daṇḍakāvanam) - the Daṇḍaka forest (Daṇḍaka forest)

Words meanings and morphology

ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - the eldest (son) (eldest, greatest, best)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, greatest, chief, best

Superlative of praśasya (excellent)

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Daśaratha) (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - (the son) with mighty arms (mighty-armed, strong-armed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, strong-armed

Compound of mahā (great) and bāhu (arm)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm, fore-arm
  noun (masculine)

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - the son (Rāma) (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

प्रियकरः (priyakaraḥ) - (the son who was) beloved (to all) (dear, beloved, pleasing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of priyakara

priyakara - dear, beloved, pleasing, doing what is agreeable

Compound of priya (dear) and kara (making, doing)

Compound type : tatpurusha (priya+kara)

• priya – dear, beloved, pleasant
  adjective
• kara – maker, doer, causing
  noun (masculine)
  Suffix -kara from root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - (the son who was) lordly and capable (lord, master, capable, powerful)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, sovereign, powerful, capable

Prefix pra- + root bhū (to be, become)

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Can also be an adjective here, but 'lordly' fits.

पितुः (pituḥ) - of his father (Daśaratha) (of the father, from the father)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Also used as ablative ('from the father') in certain contexts, but here 'by the command OF the father' implies genitive or it acts as source for nideśāt.

निदेशात् (nideśāt) - by the command (of his father) (from the command, by the order)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of nideśa

nideśa - command, order, instruction

From prefix ni- + root diś (to point, direct)

Prefix: ni

Root: diś (class 6)

निष्क्रान्तः (niṣkrāntaḥ) - (he) departed (departed, gone out)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niṣkrānta

niṣkrānta - gone out, departed, issued forth

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kram (to step) with prefix niṣ- (nir- before k)

Prefix: nis

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Participle acting as a predicate.

प्रविष्टः (praviṣṭaḥ) - (he) entered (entered, gone into)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praviṣṭa

praviṣṭa - entered, gone into, approached

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root viś (to enter) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Participle acting as a predicate.

दण्डकावनम् (daṇḍakāvanam) - the Daṇḍaka forest (Daṇḍaka forest)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of daṇḍakāvana

daṇḍakāvana - Daṇḍaka forest (a specific forest)

Compound of Daṇḍaka (name) and vana (forest)

Compound type : tatpurusha (daṇḍaka+vana)

• daṇḍaka – Daṇḍaka (name of a country or region)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of the action 'entered'.