वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-49, verse-15

तद्भवान्दृष्टधर्मार्थस्तपः कृतपरिग्रहः ।
परदारान्महाप्राज्ञ नोपरोद्धुं त्वमर्हसि ॥१५॥

15. tadbhavāndṛṣṭadharmārthastapaḥ kṛtaparigrahaḥ ,
paradārānmahāprājña noparoddhuṃ tvamarhasi.

15. tat bhavān dṛṣṭadharmārthaḥ tapaḥ kṛtaparihaḥ
paradārān mahāprājña na uparoddhum tvam arhasi

15. tat mahāprājña bhavān dṛṣṭadharmārthaḥ tapaḥ
kṛtaparihaḥ tvam paradārān uparoddhum na arhasi

15. Therefore, O greatly wise one, since you understand the intrinsic nature (dharma) and its purpose, and have undertaken spiritual austerity (tapas), you should not detain the wives of others.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - therefore (that, therefore, so)

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific) (you (honorific), Sir)

• दृष्टधर्मार्थः (dṛṣṭadharmārthaḥ) - one who understands the intrinsic nature (dharma) and its purpose (one who has seen/understood natural law (dharma) and purpose/meaning)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - spiritual austerity (tapas) (spiritual austerity (tapas), heat, penance)

• कृतपरिहः (kṛtaparihaḥ) - one who has undertaken/practiced (asceticism) (one who has undertaken/practiced, one who has acquired)

• परदारान् (paradārān) - the wives of others (other's wives)

• महाप्राज्ञ (mahāprājña) - O greatly wise one (O greatly wise one, O very intelligent one)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• उपरोद्धुम् (uparoddhum) - to detain (to detain, to obstruct, to restrain, to keep)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (you (singular))

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - therefore (that, therefore, so)

(indeclinable)

भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific) (you (honorific), Sir)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (honorific), being, existing

present active participle

From root bhū (to be) with śatṛ suffix.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Functions as the subject.

दृष्टधर्मार्थः (dṛṣṭadharmārthaḥ) - one who understands the intrinsic nature (dharma) and its purpose (one who has seen/understood natural law (dharma) and purpose/meaning)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭadharmārtha

dṛṣṭadharmārtha - one who has seen/understood natural law (dharma) and purpose/meaning

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dṛṣṭa+dharma+artha)

• dṛṣṭa – seen, perceived, understood
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dṛś (to see) with kta suffix.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, virtue, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to hold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object, goal
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies bhavān.

तपः (tapaḥ) - spiritual austerity (tapas) (spiritual austerity (tapas), heat, penance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, spiritual austerity (tapas), penance, self-discipline

From root tap (to heat, to burn, to perform austerity).

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Object of kṛtaparihaḥ.

कृतपरिहः (kṛtaparihaḥ) - one who has undertaken/practiced (asceticism) (one who has undertaken/practiced, one who has acquired)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtapariha

kṛtapariha - one who has undertaken or adopted, one who has seized/acquired

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kṛta+parigraha)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ (to do, make) with kta suffix.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• parigraha – taking, grasping, undertaking, acceptance, wife
  noun (masculine)
  From pari-grah (to seize, accept).
  Prefix: pari
  Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Qualifies bhavān.

परदारान् (paradārān) - the wives of others (other's wives)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of paradāra

paradāra - another's wife

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+dāra)

• para – other, another, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
• dāra – wife (often plural for singular meaning)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of uparoddhum.

महाप्राज्ञ (mahāprājña) - O greatly wise one (O greatly wise one, O very intelligent one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāprājña

mahāprājña - greatly wise, very intelligent

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+prājña)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• prājña – wise, intelligent, knowing
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Addressed to Rāvaṇa.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb arhasi.

उपरोद्धुम् (uparoddhum) - to detain (to detain, to obstruct, to restrain, to keep)

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of uparudh

infinitive

From upa-rudh with suffix tumun.

Prefix: upa

Root: rudh (class 7)

Note: Governed by arhasi.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (you (singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Explicit subject of arhasi.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Main verb.