वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-14, verse-21

सेयं कनकवर्णाङ्गी नित्यं सुस्मितभाषिणी ।
सहते यातनामेतामनर्थानामभागिनी ॥२१॥

21. seyaṃ kanakavarṇāṅgī nityaṃ susmitabhāṣiṇī ,
sahate yātanāmetāmanarthānāmabhāginī.

21. sā iyam kanakavarṇāṅgī nityam susmitabhāṣiṇī
sahate yātanām etām anarthānām abhāginī

21. sā iyam kanakavarṇāṅgī nityam susmitabhāṣiṇī,
anarthānām abhāginī,
etām yātanām sahate

21. This very Sita, with a golden complexion, always speaking with a gentle smile, endures this torment, though she is undeserving of such misfortunes.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - that (Sita), emphasizing 'this very' (that, she)

• इयम् (iyam) - this (Sita), emphasizing 'this very' (this, she)

• कनकवर्णाङ्गी (kanakavarṇāṅgī) - having a golden complexion, golden-bodied

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

• सुस्मितभाषिणी (susmitabhāṣiṇī) - speaking with a gentle smile, gently smiling

• सहते (sahate) - she endures, she bears

• यातनाम् (yātanām) - torment, suffering, pain

• एताम् (etām) - this

• अनर्थानाम् (anarthānām) - of misfortunes, of evils

• अभागिनी (abhāginī) - undeserving of misfortunes (not partaking, not sharing, undeserving)

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - that (Sita), emphasizing 'this very' (that, she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Refers to Sītā. Forms a compound sense with 'iyam'.

इयम् (iyam) - this (Sita), emphasizing 'this very' (this, she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Refers to Sītā. Forms a compound sense with 'sā'.

कनकवर्णाङ्गी (kanakavarṇāṅgī) - having a golden complexion, golden-bodied

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kanakavarṇāṅgī

kanakavarṇāṅgī - golden-bodied, having a golden complexion

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kanaka+varṇa+aṅga)

• kanaka – gold, golden
  noun (neuter)
• varṇa – color, complexion
  noun (masculine)
  From root vṛ (to cover)
  Root: vṛ (class 5)
• aṅga – limb, body, part
  noun (neuter)
  Root: ag (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Sītā.

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies susmitabhāṣiṇī.

सुस्मितभाषिणी (susmitabhāṣiṇī) - speaking with a gentle smile, gently smiling

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of susmitabhāṣin

susmitabhāṣin - speaking with a gentle smile

Agent noun from root bhāṣ with prefix su-smita (well-smiled)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (susmita+bhāṣin)

• susmita – gently smiled, well-smiled
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root smi (to smile) with prefix su (good)
  Prefix: su
  Root: smi (class 1)
• bhāṣin – speaking, speaker
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root bhāṣ (to speak)
  Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Sītā.

सहते (sahate) - she endures, she bears

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of sah

Present Middle

Present tense, middle voice, 3rd person singular

Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

यातनाम् (yātanām) - torment, suffering, pain

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yātanā

yātanā - torment, suffering, pain, torture

From root yat (to strive, exert)

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Object of sahate.

एताम् (etām) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Qualifies yātanām.

अनर्थानाम् (anarthānām) - of misfortunes, of evils

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of anartha

anartha - misfortune, evil, adversity

From 'a' (not) + 'artha' (purpose, wealth, advantage)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+artha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, advantage
  noun (masculine)
  From root ṛ (to go)
  Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Possessive or relation to abhāginī.

अभागिनी (abhāginī) - undeserving of misfortunes (not partaking, not sharing, undeserving)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of abhāgin

abhāgin - not sharing, not partaking in, undeserving

From 'a' (not) + 'bhāgin' (sharing, participating)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bhāgin)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• bhāgin – sharing, possessing, entitled to
  adjective (masculine)
  From root bhaj (to divide, partake)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Sītā.